The centralization of the worship of Yahweh according to the Jewish and Samaritan Pentateuchs : a textual and theological study

Date
2017-12
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study is, firstly, to understand the theological implications of the phenomenon of centralization of worship in Deuteronomy 12 according to the Jewish and Samaritan Pentateuchs; secondly, to investigate the different wording between the two readings and the possible factors that contributed to their development; and thirdly, given these different sectarian readings, to understand what might be the place of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the enterprise of Bible translation. To address these objectives, the researcher chose to use an integrated method, which gives him the freedom to bring different approaches, such as historical-scientific, textual/literary, and theological, into conversation. It is through this method that the outcome of this study is outlined as follows: From a historical-scientific viewpoint, it is most likely that the origin of ancient Israel is to be placed in the context of the Mediterranean region in the Iron Age I period. Furthermore, despite their belligerent relations, both Judean and Samaritan populaces are likely to be genetically related and, therefore, from the same ancestral origins. Theologically, the centralization of worship had, to some extent, contributed significantly to the shaping of the ideologies of the Jerusalem temple and Davidic/Israel’s election. In response to these ideologies, the Samaritans rejected any tradition related to Jerusalem temple and to Davidic kingship and put an exclusive claim on the Mosaic tradition as the only authoritative script. Addressed from a textual/literary approach, the two Pentateuchs share the same roots – the Mosaic tradition – and the differences between them are mainly due to editorial activities, where editors acted in favour of their respective site of worship. Lastly, with regard to the place of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the work of Bible translation, it is noted that, despite the different emphases on the place of worship, it has much in common not only with the Jewish Pentateuch but also with other textual witnesses such as the Septuagint and the Dead Seas Scrolls. Moreover, like other textual witnesses, the Samaritan Pentateuch held a significant level of authority over ancient Israeli communities, including Qumran and the early church. If this is the case, then the place of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the enterprise of Bible Translation needs to be reconsidered.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die huidige studie is om eerstens die teologiese implikasies van die verskynsel van sentralisering van aanbidding in Deuteronomium 12 volgens die Joodse en Samaritaanse Pentateug-weergawes te verstaan; tweedens, om die bewoordings van die twee verskillende lesings en die moontlike faktore wat tot hul ontwikkeling bygedra het, te ondersoek; en derdens, om in die lig van hierdie verskillende sektariese lesings, te verstaan wat die plek van die Samaritaanse Pentateug in die onderneming van Bybelvertaling kan wees. Om hierdie doelwitte te het die navorser gekies om ‘n geïntegreerde navorsingsmetode te gebruik wat hom die vryheid bied om verskillende benaderings, soos histories-wetenskaplike, tekstuele / literêre en teologiese met mekaar in gesprek te bring. Nadat hierdie metode gevolg is, kan die uitkoms van hierdie studie soos volg uiteengesit word: Vanuit ‘n histories-wetenskaplike oogpunt is dit heel waarskynlik dat die oorsprong van antieke Israel in die konteks van die Middellandse-Seegebied geplaas word, spesifiek in die Yster I-tydperk. Ten spyte van hul gespanne verhoudinge, is die Judese en Samaritaanse bevolkings geneties verwant aan mekaar en daarom van dieselfde voorvaderlike oorsprong. Teologies het die sentralisering van aanbidding beduidend bygedra tot die vorming van die ideologieë rondom die Jerusalem-tempel en die Dawidiese/Israel se verkiesing. In reaksie op hierdie ideologieë het die Samaritane enige tradisie wat verband hou met die Jerusalem-tempel en Dawidiese koningskap verwerp en ‘n eksklusiewe aanspraak gemaak op die Mosaïese tradisie as die enigste gesaghebbende skrif. Gesien vanuit ‘n tekstuele / literêre benadering, deel die twee Pentateug-weergawes dieselfde wortels - die Mosaïese tradisie - en die verskille tussen hulle is hoofsaaklik te wyte aan redaksionele aktiwiteite, waar redakteurs in belang van hul onderskeie godsdienstige faksies optree. Ten slotte, ten opsigte van die plek van die Samaritaanse Pentateug in die projek van Bybelvertaling, word opgemerk dat dit ten spyte van die verskillende beklemtonings op die plek van aanbidding, veel gemeen het nie net met die Judese Pentateug nie, maar ook met ander tekstuele getuies soos die Septuagint en die Dooie See-rolle. Daarbenewens het die Samaritaanse Pentateug, soos ander tekstuele getuies, beduidende gesag gehad in gemeenskappe van ou Israel, insluitende die Qumrangemeenskap en die Vroeë Kerk. As dít die geval is, moet die plek van die Samaritaanse Pentateug in die onderneming van Bybelvertaling heroorweeg word.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2017.
Keywords
Samaritans, Worship in the Bible, Bible. Deuteronomy, XII -- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Bible. Pentateuch -- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Temple of God, UCTD
Citation