Masters Degrees (Health Systems and Public Health)
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Browsing Masters Degrees (Health Systems and Public Health) by Subject "Anti-infective agents -- Formulae, receipts, prescriptions -- Zimbabwe"
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- ItemSurveillance of antibiotic prescribing practices and trends of resistance at a private hospital in Zimbabwe(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2020-03) Gwayagwaya, Chipo Sitembile; Robertson, Valerie Jean; Meintjes, W. A. J.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Global Health. Unit for Infection Prevention and Control.ENGLISH ABSTRACT : Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a world-wide burden characterised by inappropriate prescribing practices, poor surveillance systems and poor laboratory capacity in the low income countries. Antibiotic prescribing practices relates to the way clinicians give antibiotics as treatment of infections. Monitoring of prescribing practices is of paramount importance so as to know the currents patterns, raise awareness on antibiotic usage and to create opportunities for antibiotic stewardship programmes. This study on surveillance of prescribing practices and trends of resistance at this facility in Zimbabwe is to raise awareness on antibiotic usage and to create an opportunity for antibiotic stewardship programmes. Methodology and results: In the course of the study 220 patients had their prescriptions reviewed for antibiotic prescribing patterns it was observed that Ceftriaxone was the most drug prescribed 176 patients got Ceftriaxone. Most patients got more than one antibiotic and 18 of the 220 got 5 antibiotics. A questionnaire was administered to 50 of the doctors who admit at this private healthcare facility to assess which guidelines they use to prescribe antibiotics. However, 32% responded to the questionnaire and most of the doctors do not use national guidelines but other guidelines to prescribe antibiotics. Microbiological data from blood cultures were reviewed from 2011-2015 to assess common pathogens and their susceptibility pattern. Total of 845 samples were reviewed 667 had no growth, 36 were contaminated and 142 had susceptibility results. The most common organism with resistance to almost all antibiotics tested was coagulase negative staphylococci and with a highest percentage of resistance to Cloxacillin at 89.09%. Conclusion: Development of a surveillance system to monitor prescribing practices and reporting of resistance patterns in low income countries healthcare facilities will reduce antibiotic resistance as it adds data to the national health systems and assist in the development of national antibiotic policy and antibiotic stewardship programmes.