Browsing by Author "Wager, Elizabeth"

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    Advancing research integrity : a programme to embed good practice in Africa
    (Pan African Medical Journal, 2019-08-13) Rohwer, Anke; Wager, Elizabeth; Young, Taryn
    In Africa, training programmes as well as institutional policies on research integrity are lacking. Institutions have a responsibility to oversee research integrity through various efforts, including policies and training. We developed, implemented and evaluated an institutional approach to promote research integrity at African institutions, comprising a workshop for researchers ("bottom-up") and discussions with senior faculty on institutional policies ("top-down"). During the first day, we facilitated a workshop to introduce research integrity and promote best practices with regards to authorship, plagiarism, redundant publication and conflicts of interest. We used a variety of interactive teaching approaches to facilitate learning, including individual and group activities, small group discussions and case-based learning. We met with senior faculty on the following day to provide feedback and insights from the workshop, review current institutional policies and provide examples of what other research groups are doing. We evaluated the process. Participants actively engaged in discussions, recognised the importance of the topic and acknowledged that poor practices occurred at their institution. Discussions with senior researchers resulted in the establishment of a working group tasked with developing a publication policy for the institution. Our approach kick-started conversations on research integrity at institutions. There is a need for continued discussions, integrated training programmes and implementation of institutional policies and guidelines to promote good practices.
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    Authorship, plagiarism and conflict of interest : views and practices from low/ middle-income country health researchers
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2017-11) Rohwer, Anke; Young, Taryn; Wager, Elizabeth; Garner, Paul
    Objectives To document low/middle-income country (LMIC) health researchers’ views about authorship, redundant publication, plagiarism and conflicts of interest and how common poor practice was in their institutions. Design We developed a questionnaire based on scenarios about authorship, redundant publication, plagiarism and conflicts of interest. We asked participants whether the described practices were acceptable and whether these behaviours were common at their institutions. We conducted in-depth interviews with respondents who agreed to be interviewed. Participants We invited 607 corresponding authors of Cochrane reviews working in LMICs. From the 583 emails delivered, we obtained 199 responses (34%). We carried out in-depth interviews with 15 respondents. Results Seventy-seven per cent reported that guest authorship occurred at their institution, 60% reported text recycling. For plagiarism, 12% of respondents reported that this occurred ‘occasionally’, and 24% ‘rarely’. Forty per cent indicated that their colleagues had not declared conflicts of interest in the past. Respondents generally recognised poor practice in scenarios but reported that they occurred at their institutions. Themes identified from in-depth interviews were (1) authorship rules are simple in theory, but not consistently applied; (2) academic status and power underpin behaviours; (3) institutions and culture fuel bad practices and (4) researchers are uncertain about what conflict of interests means and how this may influence research. Conclusions LMIC researchers report that guest authorship is widely accepted and common. While respondents report that plagiarism and undeclared conflicts of interest are unacceptable in practice, they appear common. Determinants of poor practice relate to academic status and power, fuelled by institutional norms and culture.
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    Plagiarism in research : a survey of African medical journals
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-11) Rohwer, Anke; Wager, Elizabeth; Young, Taryn; Garner, Paul
    Objectives To examine whether regional biomedical journals in Africa had policies on plagiarism and procedures to detect it; and to measure the extent of plagiarism in their original research articles and reviews. Design Cross sectional survey. Setting and participants We selected journals with an editor-in-chief in Africa, a publisher based in a low or middle income country and with author guidelines in English, and systematically searched the African Journals Online database. From each of the 100 journals identified, we randomly selected five original research articles or reviews published in 2016. Outcomes For included journals, we examined the presence of plagiarism policies and whether they referred to text matching software. We submitted articles to Turnitin and measured the extent of plagiarism (copying of someone else’s work) or redundancy (copying of one’s own work) against a set of criteria we had developed and piloted. Results Of the 100 journals, 26 had a policy on plagiarism and 16 referred to text matching software. Of 495 articles, 313 (63%; 95% CI 58 to 68) had evidence of plagiarism: 17% (83) had at least four linked copied or more than six individual copied sentences; 19% (96) had three to six copied sentences; and the remainder had one or two copied sentences. Plagiarism was more common in the introduction and discussion, and uncommon in the results. Conclusion Plagiarism is common in biomedical research articles and reviews published in Africa. While wholesale plagiarism was uncommon, moderate text plagiarism was extensive. This could rapidly be eliminated if journal editors implemented screening strategies, including text matching software.
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    Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research Integrity
    (Biomed Central, 2016-07) O’Brien, Susan Patricia; Chan, Danny; Leung, Frederick; Ko, Eun Jung; Kwak, Jin Sun; Gwon, TaeHwan; Lee, Ji Min; Lee, Min-Ho; Nolte, Helga; Gommel, Michael; Sponholz, Gerlinde; Krastev, Yordanka; Sandiran, Yamini; Connell, Julia; Solomon, Nicky; Krasovec, Ursa Opara; Sribar, Renata; Martinson, Brian C.; Thrush, Carol R.; Gunsalus, C. K.; Oransky, Ivan; Marcus, Adam; Graf, Chris; Warne, Verity; Wates, Edward; Joshua, Sue; Roig, Miguel; Mumford, Michael; Deschenes, Mylene; Olivier, Catherine; Dupras-Leduc, Raphaelle; Hammatt, Zoe; Tamot, Raju; Parker, Robin; Ricard, Cynthia; Nguyen-Khoa, Loc; Titus, Sandra; Jensen, Karsten K.; Godecharle, Simon; Nemery, Ben; Dierickx, Kris; Gjerris, Mickey; Eriksen, Marion Laird; Hoej, Jeppe B.; Steneck, Nicholas H.; Nebeker, Camille; Kalichman, Michael; Booen, Elizabeth Mejia; Pacheco, Blanca A; Giacinto, Rebeca Espinosa; Castaneda, Sheila; Li, Ding; Chen, Qiong; Zhu, Guoli; Sun, Zhonghe; Abbasi, Badaruudin; Ganguly, Parthasarathi; Ganguly, Barna; Bonn, Noemie Aubert; Dierickx, Kris; Godecharle, Simon; Bourcier, Daniele; Borde, Jacques; Leduc, Michele; Chou, Chien; Pan, Sophia Jui-An; Tiefenauer, LouisXaver; Barr, Daniel; Taylor, Paul; Horn, Lyn Margaret; Poff, Deborah; Mavrinac, Martina; Brumini, Gordana; Petrovecki, Mladen; Santos, Christiane Coelho; Vasconcelos, Sonia; Lammey, Rachael; Hartgerink, Chris; Van Assen, Marcel; Wicherts, Jelte; Hauge, Hanne Silje; Manka, Aaron; Iturrizaga, Raffael; Foeger, Nicole; Lescano, A. R; Lanata, Claudio; Vasquez, Gissella; Mariana, Leguia; Silva, Marita; Kasper, Mathew; Montero, Claudia; Bausch, Daniel; Lescano, Andres G.; Blom, Fenneke; Bouter, Lex; Lategan, Laetus O. K.; Manaia, Gustavo F.; McCormack, Wayne T.; Allen, William L.; Connelly, Shane; Crites, Joshua; Engler, Jeffrey; Freedman, Victoria; Garvan, Cynthia W.; Haidet, Paul; Hockensmith, Joel; McElroy, William; Sander, Erik; Volpe, Rebecca; Verderame, Michael F.; Krstic, Snezana; Handy, Louise; Schaller-Demers, Debra; Taylor, Paul; Barr, Daniel; Lerouge, Inge; Cielen, Gerard; Schoofs, Liliane; Marusic, Ana; Squazzoni, Flaminio; Vaux, David; Al-Wazzan, Khalid; Alorainy, Ibrahim; Graf, Chris; Warne, Verity; O’Brien, Nolan; Guerin, Suzanne; Dodd, Philip; Wells, Frank; Blewett, Catherine; Litto, Fredric M.; De Lecuona, Itziar; Lofstrom, Erika; Maes, Katrien; Dierickx, Kris; Bonn, Noemie; Godecharle, Simon; Peatfield, Tony; Boehme, Olivier; Caporale, Cinzia; Fanelli, Daniele; Carfora, John; Strauss, Eric; Lynn, William; De Bruyn, Dieter; Nele, Bracke; De Gelder, Katrien; Van Der Burght, Stefanie; e Silva, Jose R. L.; Vasconcelos, Sonia M. R.; Ingierd, Helene; Frankel, Mark; Vasgird, Daniel; Bird, Stephanie; Yarborough, Mark; Alorainy, Ibrahim; Al-Wazzan, Khalid; Garner, Harold; Campo-Engelstein, Lisa; Master, Zubin; Smith, Elise; Resnik, David; Williams-Jones, Bryn; Malicki, Mario; Utrobicic, Ana; Marusic, Ana; Fanelli, Daniele; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Ter Riet, Gerben; Walley, Tom; Bouter, Lex M.; Van der Steen, Jenny; Bouter, Lex; Vasconcelos, Sonia; Sorenson, Martha; Prosdocimi, Francisco; Masuda, Hatisaburo; Watanabe, Edson; Pinto, Jose C.; Palacios, Marisa; e Silva, Jose L.; Leta, Jacqueline; Vieyra, Adalberto; Pinto, Andre; Sant’Ana, Mauricio; Shinkai, Rosemary; Yudin, Boris; Verges, Etienne; Brun-Wauthier, Anne-Sophie; Vial, Geraldine; Vinther, Torkild; Bahr, Volker; Kalichman, Michael; Plemmons, Dena; Davies, Rebecca L.; Laube, Katrina; Scheopner, Cynthia; Galland, John; Maisonneuve, Herve; Decullier, Evelyne; Noble, Brian; Gilis, Anja; Gallacher, David J.; Lavrijssen, Tom; David, Malwitz; Dasgupta, Malini; Mols, Hans; Savard, Tony; Mah, Eric; Wager, Elizabeth; Kleinert, Sabine; Kiermer, Veronique; Hufton, Andrew; Clyne, Melanie; Vasconcelos, Sonia; Almeida, Renan M.; Fontes-Pereira, Aldo; Catelani, Fernanda; Rocha, Karina; Iorns, Elizabeth; Gunn, William; Leduc, Michele; Letellier, Lucienne; Malherbe, Cornelia; Kamata, Takehito; Enebakk, Vidar; Penrod, Lynn; Nørgaard, Thomas; Elverdam, Charlotte; Fassin, Yves; Fekken, Cynthia; Adam, Jamal; Anderson, Melissa S.; Wicherts, Jelte; Buttliere, Brett; Groves, Trish; Shanahan, Daniel; Simera, Iveta; Kirtley, Shona; Villanueva, Eleana; Struthers, Caroline; MacCarthy, Angela; Altman, Douglas; Grebenshchikova, Elena; Greene, Bronwyn; Rohr, Ted; Simera, Iveta; Shanahan, Daniel; Harriman, Stephanie; Groves, Trish; Struthers, Caroline; Varantola, Krista; Nolte, Helga; Opara, Ursa; Vinther, Torkild; Wager, Elizabeth; Nørgaard, Thomas; Rokne, Jon; Setti, Gianluca; MacPherson, Gordon; Hazelkorn, Ellen; Smith, Carthage; McLaughlin, Robert H.; Martins, Tatiana D.; Tanimoto, Tetsuya; Steneck, Nicholas; Fanelli, Daniele; Kalleberg, Ragnvald; Hussein, Tajammul; Sun, Ping; Tzeng, Ovid; Varantola, Krista; Zimmerman, Susan; Shinkai, Rosemary; Lescano, Roxana; Heitman, Elizabeth; Nieto, Maria Andrea Rocio del Pilar Contreras; Alorainy, Ibrahim; Al-Wazzan, Khalid; Chou, Chien; Pan, Sophia J.; Fong, Eric; Wilhite, Al; Groves, Trish; Motta-Roth, Desiree; Tijdink, Joeri; Smulders, Yvo; Lategan, Laetus O. K.; Mumford, Michael; Steele, Logan; Watts, Logan; Johnson, James; Connelly, Shane; Williams, Lee; Ter Riet, Gerben; Amini, Sufia; Hooft, Lotty; Kilicoglu, Halil; Van Seters, Janneke; Eijsackers, Herman; Voragen, Fons; Van der Zijpp, Akke; Brom, Frans; Abbasi, Badaruddin; Almasoud, Naif N.; Labuschagne, Adri; Severinsen, Johanne; Engh, Espen; Alani, Daham I.; Jusoff, H. J. Kamaruzaman; Gordon, Anita; Harton, Helen C.; De Bruyn, Dieter; Van Der Burght, Stefanie; Rocha, Karina de Albuquerque; De Vasconcelos, Sonia M. R.; Matandika, Limbanazo; Prata, Aline Carolina de Oliveira Machado; Neff, Mark W.; Fanelli, Daniele; Costas, Rodrigo; Lariviere, Vincent; Filho, Douglas L. G.; Guedes, Diego O.; Bahr, Volker; Keller, Niklas; Feufel, Markus; Offenhauser, Nikolas; Kowalczuk, Maria K.; Moylan, Elizabeth C.; Speanburg, Katie; Dasgupta, Malini; Lubomirski, Mariusz; Lavrijssen, Tom; Malwitz, David; Gallacher, David; Gillis, Anja; Marques, Maria Betania de Freitas; Amâncio, Laressa L.; Fernandes, Raphaela D.; Patrocinio, Oliveira; Rech, Claudia M. C. B.; Marques, Maria Betania de Freitas; Rech, Claudia M. C. B.; Sousa, Adriana N.; Garcia, Leila P; Harriman, Stephanie; Patel, Jigisha; Lada, Farida; Di Capua, Giuseppe; Peppoloni, Silvia; DuBois, James M.; Chibnall, John; Van Der Wall, Jillon; DuBois, James M.; Chibnall, John; Van Der Wall, Jillon; Tait, Raymond; Holen, Jacob; Johannessen, Adele F.; Ellefsen, Torunn; Rech, Claudia; Sousa, Adriana; Marques, Maria Betania de Freitas; Peppoloni, Silvia; Di Capua, Giuseppe; Beranzoli, Laura; Beirao, Paulo S. L.; Zimmerman, Susan; Kleinert, Sabine; Marusic, Ana; Anderson, Melissa S.; Bouter, Lex
    These Proceedings contain the abstracts of the presentations given at the 4th World Conference in concurrent sessions, partner symposia, and poster sessions. Also included are summaries of the discussions in three focus tracks, which allowed delegates to consider and work on questions about the roles of funders, institutions, and countries in improving research systems and strengthening research integrity. Videos of the plenary presentations are available at the conference website (www.wcri2015.org).