Browsing by Author "Bryant, Richard A."

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    Correction to: Evaluating a screener to quantify PTSD risk using emergency care information : a proof of concept study
    (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-06-29) Van Der Mei, Willem F.; Barbano, Anna C.; Ratanatharathorn, Andrew; Bryant, Richard A.; Delahanty, Douglas L.; deRoon-Cassini, Terri A.; Lai, Betty S.; Lowe, Sarah R.; Matsuoka, Yutaka J.; Olff, Miranda; Qi, Wei; Schnyder, Ulrich; Seedat, Soraya; Kessler, Ronald C.; Koenen, Karestan C.; Shalev, Arieh Y.
    An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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    Evaluating a screener to quantify PTSD risk using emergency care information : a proof of concept study
    (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-03-02) Van der Mei, Willem F.; Barbano, Anna C.; Ratanatharathorn, Andrew; Bryant, Richard A.; Delahanty, Douglas L.; DeRoon-Cassini, Terri A.; Lai, Betty S.; Lowe, Sarah R.; Matsuoka, Yutaka J.; Olff, Miranda; Qi, Wei; Schnyder, Ulrich; Seedat, Soraya; Kessler, Ronald C.; Koenen, Karestan C.; Shalev, Arieh Y.
    Background: Previous work has indicated that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) within 60 days of trauma exposure, can reliably produce likelihood estimates of chronic PTSD among trauma survivors admitted to acute care centers. Administering the CAPS is burdensome, requires skilled professionals, and relies on symptoms that are not fully expressed upon acute care admission. Predicting chronic PTSD from peritraumatic responses, which are obtainable upon acute care admission, has yielded conflicting results, hence the rationale for a stepwise screening-and-prediction practice. This work explores the ability of peritraumatic responses to produce risk likelihood estimates of early CAPS-based PTSD symptoms indicative of chronic PTSD risk. It specifically evaluates the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ) as a risk-likelihood estimator. Methods: We used individual participant data (IPD) from five acute care studies that used both the PDEQ and the CAPS (n = 647). Logistic regression calculated the probability of having CAPS scores ≥ 40 between 30 and 60 days after trauma exposure across the range of initial PDEQ scores, and evaluated the added contribution of age, sex, trauma type, and prior trauma exposure. Brier scores, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the mean slope of the calibration line evaluated the accuracy and precision of the predicted probabilities. Results: Twenty percent of the sample had CAPS ≥ 40. PDEQ severity significantly predicted having CAPS ≥ 40 symptoms (p < 0.001). Incremental PDEQ scores produced a reliable estimator of CAPS ≥ 40 likelihood. An individual risk estimation tool incorporating PDEQ and other significant risk indicators is provided. Conclusion: Peritraumatic reactions, measured here by the PDEQ, can reliably quantify the likelihood of acute PTSD symptoms predictive of chronic PTSD and requiring clinical attention. Using them as a screener in a stepwise chronic PTSD prediction strategy may reduce the burden of later CAPS-based assessments. Other peritraumatic metrics may perform similarly and their use requires similar validation.
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    International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci
    (Nature Research (part of Springer Nature), 2019) Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Maihofer, Adam X.; Klengel, Torsten; Atkinson, Elizabeth G.; Chen, Chia-Yen; Choi, Karmel W.; Coleman, Jonathan R. I.; Dalvie, Shareefa; Duncan, Laramie E.; Gelernter, Joel; Levey, Daniel F.; Logue, Mark W.; Polimanti, Renato; Provost, Allison C.; Ratanatharathorn, Andrew; Stein, Murray B.; Torres, Katy; Aiello, Allison E.; Almli, Lynn M.; Amstadter, Ananda B.; Andersen, Soren B.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Arbisi, Paul A.; Ashley-Koch, Allison E.; Austin, S. Bryn; Avdibegovic, Esmina; Babic, Dragan; Bækvad-Hansen, Marie; Baker, Dewleen G.; Beckham, Jean C.; Bierut, Laura J.; Bisson, Jonathan I.; Boks, Marco P.; Bolger, Elizabeth A.; Borglum, Anders D.; Bradley, Bekh; Brashear, Megan; Breen, Gerome; Bryant, Richard A.; Bustamante, Angela C.; Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas; Calabrese, Joseph R.; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose M.; Dale, Anders M.; Daly, Mark J.; Daskalakis, Nikolaos P.; Deckert, Jurgen; Delahanty, Douglas L.; Dennis, Michelle F.; Disner, Seth G.; Domschke, Katharina; Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma; Erbes, Christopher R.; Evans, Alexandra; Farrer, Lindsay A.; Feeny, Norah C.; Flory, Janine D.; Forbes, David; Franz, Carol E.; Galea, Sandro; Garrett, Melanie E.; Gelaye, Bizu; Geuze, Elbert; Gillespie, Charles; Uka, Aferdita Goci; Goci, Aferdita; Guffanti, Guia; Hammamieh, Rasha; Harnal, Supriya; Hauser, Michael A.; Heath, Andrew C.; Hemmings, Sian M. J.; Hougaard, David Michael; Jakovljevic, Miro; Jett, Marti; Johnson, Eric Otto; Jones, Ian; Jovanovic, Tanja; Qin, Xue-Jun; Junglen, Angela G.; Karstoft, Karen-Inge; Kaufman, Milissa L.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Khan, Alaptagin; Kimbre, Nathan A.; King, Anthony P.; Koen, Nastassja; Kranzler, Henry R.; Kremen, William S.; Lawford, Bruce R.; Lebois, Lauren A. M.; Lewis, Catrin E.; Linnstaedt, Sarah D.; Lori, Adriana; Lugonja, Bozo; Luykx, Jurjen J.; Lyons, Michael J.; Maples-Keller, Jessica; Marmar, Charles; Martin, Alicia R.; Maurer, Douglas; Mavissakalian, Matig R.; McFarlane, Alexander; McGlinchey, Regina E.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; McLean, Samuel A.; McLeay, Sarah; Mehta, Divya; Milberg, William P.; Miller, Mark W.; Morey, Rajendra A.; Morris, Charles Phillip; Mors, Ole; Mortensen, Preben B.; Neale, Benjamin M.; Nelson, Elliot C.; Nordentoft, Merete; Norman, Sonya B.; O'Donnell, Meaghan; Orcutt, Holly K.; Panizzon, Matthew S.; Peters, Edward S.; Peterson, Alan L.; Peverill, Matthew; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Polusny, Melissa A.; Rice, John P.; Ripke, Stephan; Risbrough, Victoria B.; Roberts, Andrea L.; Rothbaum, Alex O.; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Roy-Byrne, Peter; Ruggiero, Ken; Rung, Ariane; Rutten, Bart P. F.; Saccone, Nancy L.; Sanchez, Sixto E.; Schijven, Dick; Seedat, Soraya, 1966-; Seligowski, Antonia V.; Seng, Julia S.; Sheerin, Christina M.; Smith, Alicia K.; Smoller, Jordan W.; Sponheim, Scott R.; Stein, Dan J.; Stevens, Jennifer S.; Sumner, Jennifer A.; Teicher, Martin H.; Thompson, Wesley K.; Trapido, Edward; Uddin, Monica; Ursano, Robert J.; Van Den Heuvel, Leigh Luella; Van Hooff, Miranda; Vermetten, Eric; Vinkers, Christiaan H.; Voisey, Joanne; Wang, Yunpeng; Wang, Zhewu; Werge, Thomas; Williams, Michelle A.; Williamson, Douglas E.; Winternitz, Sherry; Wolf, Christiane; Wolf, Erika J.; Wolff, Jonathan D.; Yehuda, Rachel; Young, Ross McD; Young, Keith A.; Zhao, Hongyu; Zoellner, Lori A.; Liberzon, Israel; Ressler, Kerry J.; Haas, Magali; Koenen, Karestan C.
    The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct a genome-wide association study of PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates of 5–20%, varying by sex. Three genome-wide significant loci are identified, 2 in European and 1 in African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified by sex implicate 3 additional loci in men. Along with other novel genes and non-coding RNAs, a Parkinson’s disease gene involved in dopamine regulation, PARK2, is associated with PTSD. Finally, we demonstrate that polygenic risk for PTSD is significantly predictive of re-experiencing symptoms in the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific loci did not replicate. These results demonstrate the role of genetic variation in the biology of risk for PTSD and highlight the necessity of conducting sex-stratified analyses and expanding GWAS beyond European ancestry populations.