Peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA predicts neurocognitive impairment in clade C HIV
| dc.contributor.author | Ruhanya, Vurayai | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Jacobs, Graeme Brendon | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Nyandoro, George | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Paul, Robert H. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Joska, John A. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Seedat, Soraya | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Glashoff, Richard Helmuth | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Engelbrecht, Susan | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-01-19T07:35:10Z | en_ZA |
| dc.date.available | 2023-01-19T07:35:10Z | en_ZA |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-07 | en_ZA |
| dc.description | CITATION: Ruhanya, V. et al. 2020. Peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA predicts neurocognitive impairment in clade C HIV. Journal of NeuroVirology, 26:920–928, doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00882-9. | en_ZA |
| dc.description | The original publication is available at https://link.springer.com | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | It is not known if proviral DNA in the periphery corresponds to cognitive status in clade C as it does in clade B and recombinant forms. A cross-sectional study was conducted on participants investigated for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment in South Africa. HIV-1 proviral DNA was quantified using a PCR assay targeting a highly conserved HIV-1 LTR-gag region. Fifty-four (36.7%) participants were cognitively impaired and 93 (63.3%) were not impaired. Forty-three (79.6%) of the cognitively impaired participants were female and 11 (20.4%) were male. There was no significant age difference between cognitively impaired and unimpaired participants (p = 0.42). HIV-1 DNA in cognitively impaired PLWH was significantly higher than in cognitively normal individuals (p = .016). Considering impaired participants, lymphocyte HIV-1 DNA was significantly higher in males than females (p = 0.02). There was a modest positive correlation between lymphocyte HIV-1 DNA and global deficit scores (GDS) r = 0.176; p = 0.03). The two measures of viral load, lymphocyte HIV-1 DNA copies/million and plasma RNA copies/ml, were positively correlated (r = 0.39; p < .001). After adjusting for other covariates, age, sex, treatment status, and the interactions between impairment and treatment, the multivariate regression showed association between proviral load and neurocognitive impairment; omega effect size was 0.04, p value = 0.010. The burden of HIV-1 peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA corresponds to neurocognitive impairment among individuals infected with clade C disease. Therefore, therapeutic strategies to reduce the HIV-1 proviral DNA reservoir in lymphocytes may improve neurocognitive outcomes in PLWH. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF) | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | National Research Foundation (NRF) | en_ZA |
| dc.description.sponsorship | South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) | en_ZA |
| dc.description.version | Publisher's version | en_ZA |
| dc.format.extent | 9 pages | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ruhanya, V. et al. 2020. Peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA predicts neurocognitive impairment in clade C HIV. Journal of NeuroVirology, 26:920–928, doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00882-9. | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1538-2443 (online) | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1355-0284 (print) | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.other | doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00882-9 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/126248 | en_ZA |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Springer | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Authors retain copyright | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Blood lymphocytes | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | HIV infections | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Lymphocyte | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Neurocognitive disorders | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | HIV infections -- Complications | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA predicts neurocognitive impairment in clade C HIV | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Article | en_ZA |