Theatre as intervention tool in HIV/AIDS education with specific reference to “Lucky, the hero!”

Date
2012-03
Authors
Davis, Heloise Victoria
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS has escalated into a global health pandemic. Africa has emerged as the most severely affected continent with more than half of the world’s HIV infected population residing in Sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently various awareness campaigns have been launched in attempts to stifle the rapid spread of the pandemic. Much emphasis has been placed on communication as effective strategy specifically when it has a participatory and community-based approach which offers education through alternative ways of responding to HIV/AIDS in order to reach and involve the individual target audience. The value of entertainment as an effective intervention tool through which to inform and educate is of major importance. Theatre is widely implemented as a tool when attempting problem solving and group and/or individual behaviour-change. Lucky, the Hero! an HIV/AIDS Educational Theatre intervention initiative was launched by The Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management after research established that alarmingly low levels of HIV/AIDS knowledge existed amongst the predominantly Afrikaans speaking farm workers communities of the Western Cape region as media campaigns had not successfully reached them due to geographical isolation and illiteracy. Theoretical guidelines for the development process and implementation of Lucky, the Hero! are provided: how it came about; its content and messages; and the intricacies of how the show was rolled out to audiences. The specific results and findings of such an Educational Theatre intervention campaign in the Breede River Valley during September 2007 are discussed, as well as how successful the practical implementation of the intervention has been in terms of its theoretical base and initial purpose. Lucky, the Hero! was found to be overall successful in achieving its aims and proved to be entertaining and educational. It improved general knowledge of HIV infection amongst participants and motivated intentions towards positive behaviour change. Over 2000 participants were also tested during the 14-day intervention. Theatre as intervention tool proved to be effective in this specific instance as most participants agreed that educational theatre was an appropriate method to positively influence HIV/AIDS related behaviour in the community. They also expressed the wish to see the performance again and said they would encourage others to see it. Although the evaluation methods served their purpose in proving that theatre was an effective tool in HIV/AIDS education and provided basic information and results about HIV/AIDS and the intervention strategy method and campaign, a multi-integrated approach needs to be considered. The latter should include follow up interventions focusing on ongoing HIV/AIDS education and training in order to achieve feasible and sustainable long term results.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/VIGS het in ’n globale pandemie ontwikkel met Afrika die kontinent wat die ergste geraak word. Meer as die helfte van die wêreld se bevolking wat die MIV-virus het, bevind hulle in sub-Sahara Afrika. Gevolglik is verskeie bewusmakingsveldtogte van stapel laat loop in ’n poging om die snelle verspreiding van die pandemie te probeer stuit. Kommunikasie as doeltreffende strategie geniet veral aansien, spesifiek wanneer ’n interaktiewe, gemeenskapsgebaseerde aanslag gevolg word om so individuele teikengroepe op te voed en deur middel van alternatiewe MIV/VIGS aksie te betrek. Heelwat klem word geplaas op die waarde van vermaaklikheid as doeltreffende intervensiemeganisme met die doel om in te lig en op te voed. Die teater word wyd as meganisme geïmplementeer ten opsigte van probleemoplossing en die verandering van groeps- en/of individuele gedrag. Lucky, the Hero!, ’n MIV/VIGS Opvoedkundige Teaterintervensie-inisiatief, is deur die Afrika Instituut vir MIV/VIGS Bestuur van stapel laat loop nadat navorsing daarop gedui het dat die kennisvlakke van plaaswerkersgemeenskappe in Wes-Kaapland oor dié pandemie ontstellend laag is. Weens geografiese isolasie en ongeletterdheid het veldtogte in die media oor MIV/VIGS bitter min impak op dié gemeenskappe gemaak. In die hoofstukke wat volg, word teoretiese riglyne vir die ontwikkelingsproses en toepassing van Lucky, the Hero! bespreek – hoe dit gebeur het; die inhoudelikheid daarvan tesame met boodskappe, asook die ingewikkeldhede rondom die wyse waarop dié opvoering aan gehore gebring is. Die spesifieke resultate en bevindinge van so ’n Opvoedkundige Teaterintervensieveldtog in die Breederiviervallei gedurende September 2007 word gemeld, asook die sukses van die praktiese implementering van dié intervensie in terme van sy teoretiese grondslag en aanvanklike doelwitte. In die geheel is bevind dat Lucky, the Hero! suksesvol was in die bereiking van sy doelwitte en dat dit vermaaklik en opvoedkundig van aard was. Dit het algemene kennis rondom MIV-infeksie onder deelnemers verbeter en voornemens teenoor positiewe gedragsverandering gestu. Meer as 2000 deelnemers is ook tydens die intervensie van twee weke getoets. Teater as intervensiemeganisme het in dié spesifieke instansie geblyk doeltreffend te wees aangesien die meerderheid deelnemers saamgestem het dat opvoedkundige teater ’n gepaste metode is om MIV/Vigs-verwante gedrag in die gemeenskap positief te beïnvloed. Ook wou hulle die opvoering graag weer kyk en sou ander mense aanraai om dit te gaan kyk. Hoewel die evalueringsmetodes hulle doel gedien en bewys het dat teater ’n doeltreffende meganisme ten opsigte van MIV/VIGS-opvoeding is en basiese inligting en resultate omtrent MIV/VIGS en die intervensiestrategiemetode en -veldtog opgelewer het, behoort ’n multi-geïntegreerde benadering egter oorweeg te word – een wat opvolgintervensies insluit wat gefokus is op voortgesette MIV/VIGSopvoeding en opleiding met die oog op haalbare en volhoubare langtermyn resultate.
Description
Thesis (MDram)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
Keywords
Educational theatre, HIV/AIDS education, Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management, Dissertations -- Drama, Theses -- Drama
Citation