Comparison of various physiologic and psychomotor parameters in patients sedated with intravenous lorazepam, diazepam, or midazolam during oral surgery
Date
1991
Authors
Van der Bijl P.
Roelofse J.A.
De Joubert V.J.J.
Van Zyl J.F.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
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Abstract
Intravenously administered lorazepam (0.05 mg/kg), diazepam (0.25 mg/kg), and midazolam (0.1 mg/kg) were compared for sedation during oral surgery under local anesthesia. Sixty patients were randomly allocated into three groups in this double-blind, parallel study. The results from this trial show that all three drugs provide satisfactory sedation. Average mean arterial pressures, however, decreased significantly with midazolam and diazepam. Statistically significantly higher heart rates during the entire procedure were also found for lorazepam when compared with diazepam and midazolam. At the postblock stage, the midazolam group had respiratory rates that were significantly higher than those of the other two drug groups. Patients in the diazepam and midazolam groups took significantly longer to complete the pegboard test at the preblock stage than those in the lorazepam group. At 1, 1.5, and 2 hours after arrival in the recovery room, an inversion of groups took place, with the lorazepam group taking significantly longer for their tests than the other two groups. Significantly more improvement in anxiety levels was found at 10 minutes postdrug for the patients who had received diazepam and this tended to remain so on arrival in the recovery room. When compared with the other two groups, significantly more patients in the lorazepam group reported giddiness/dizziness and significantly more in the diazepam group reported pain on injection.
Description
Keywords
diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, sedative agent, adult, anesthesia, article, controlled study, dental surgery, drug therapy, female, human, intravenous drug administration, local anesthesia, major clinical study, male, oral surgery, priority journal, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anesthesia, Dental, Anesthesia, Local, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Comparative Study, Conscious Sedation, Diazepam, Female, Heart Rate, Human, Lorazepam, Male, Midazolam, Molar, Third, Respiration, Surgery, Oral, Tooth Extraction
Citation
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
49
7
49
7