Research Articles (Conservation Ecology and Entomology)
Recent Submissions
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Woody encroachment as a social-ecological regime shift
(MDPI, 2018-06-28)African savannas are increasingly affected by woody encroachment, an increase in the density of woody plants. Woody encroachment often occurs unexpectedly, is difficult to reverse, and has significant economic, cultural ...
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Biologically based methods for pest management in agriculture under changing climates : challenges and future directions
(MDPI, 2012)The current changes in global climatic regimes present a significant societal challenge, affecting in all likelihood insect physiology, biochemistry, biogeography and population dynamics. With the increasing resistance of ...
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Potential synergies between nature-based tourism and sustainable use of marine resources : insights from dive tourism in territorial user rights for fisheries in Chile
(Public Library of Science, 2016-03)Novel solutions to conserve biodiversity whilst allowing for resource harvesting are urgently needed. In marine systems, Territorial User Rights for Fisheries (TURFs) are promoted to enable sustainable use of resources. ...
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An exploration of human well-being bundles as identifiers of ecosystem service use patterns
(Public Library of Science, 2016-10)We take a social-ecological systems perspective to investigate the linkages between ecosystem services and human well-being in South Africa. A recent paper identified different types of social-ecological systems in the ...
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Radiation biology of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
(Florida Entomological Society, 2016)The availability of a great number of infertile eggs can be regarded as a benefit in a program where natural enemies are combined with the SIT because non-fertile eggs can provide additional hosts for egg parasitoids and ...
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Stable isotope markers differentiate between mass-reared and wild Lepidoptera in sterile insect technique programs
(Florida Entomological Society, 2016)In this study we identified a number of moth (Lepidoptera) species that are potential targets for the sterile insect technique (SIT), and we assessed the feasibility of using stable isotope signatures as markers to distinguish ...
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General biology of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) : a target for the sterile insect technique
(Florida Entomological Society, 2016)Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Gallerinae) occurs on many graminaceous crops and several wild grasses and sedges throughout Africa. It has been reared at the South African Sugarcane Research Institute ...
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Strategies for chemical control of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) in established vineyards
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1986)Grape-vine root growth was measured for vertical and horizontal distribution as well as seasonal growth periods. The persistance of aldicarb and fenamiphos in the soil as well as in leaves and fruit of grape-vines was ...
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Population dynamics of the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & white) chitwood and m. javanica (treub) chitwood on grapevines in two different regions of South Africa
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1987)Two root-knot nematode species, Me/oidogyne incognita and M.javanica, were studied with regard to their seasonal population fluctuations on grapevines growing in two vastly different climatic areas. Regular observations ...
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Dual cultures of meloidogyne javanica and grapevine rootstocks on artificial media
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1990)Grapevine rootstock cultivars were cultured on more than one artificial medium. Meloidogyne javanica was inoculated on the roots of different cultivars on seven media and penetration and development were recorded. Plate ...
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Interaction between a South African population of xiphinema index and different grapevine rootstocks
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1993)Thirty-one grapevine rootstocks were used to test for reproduction, root feeding symptoms and transmission of grapevine fanleaf virus by a South African population of Xiphinema index. Grapevine fanleaf virus was transmitted ...
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Distribution of longidoridae in the viticultural regions of the Cape Province
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1994)Soil samples from five viticultural regions in the Cape Province were analysed for the presence of longidorid nematodes. Sixteen species of Xiphinema were found, the most common species being X. elongatum, X. americanum ...
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The reproduction and life cycle of a South African population of xiphinema index
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1999)The seasonal fluctuation of a South African Xiphinema index population, the influence of four hosts on the length of the life cycle and the reproductive rate with fig as host at three different temperatures, were studied. ...
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Effects of pesticides used on table grapes on the mealybug parasitoid coccidoxenoides peregrinus (timberlake) (hymenoptera : encyrtidae)
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 1999)The effects of regularly used table grape insecticides and fungicides on 1-day-old adults of the parasitoid Coccidoxenoides peregrinus (Timberlake) of vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret), were determined in the ...
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Effects of Pesticides and Fungicides Used on Grapevines on the Mealybug Predatory Beetle Nephus 'boschianus' (Coccinellidae, Scymnini)
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2001)The effects of frequently used grapevine insecticides and fungicides on adults of the predatory beetle Nephus 'boschianus' of vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret), were determined under laboratory conditions. When ...
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A survey of mealybugs and associated natural enemies in vineyards in the Western Cape Province, South Africa
(South African Journal of Enology & Viticulture, 2004)A survey of mealybugs and their associated natural enemies occurring in vineyards was conducted in the Western Cape Province during the 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 seasons. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) was the dominant mealybug ...
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Vine mealybug, planococcus ficus (signoret) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), a key pest in South African vineyards. a review
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2004)Vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret), is a key pest in vineyards in the Western Cape and North-West Provinces of South Africa and more recently in the USA. This pest was first reported in the Western Cape Province ...
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A comparative analysis reveals weak relationships between ecological factors and beta diversity of stream insect metacommunities at two spatial levels
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2015-02-23)The hypotheses that beta diversity should increase with decreasing latitude and increase with spatial extent of a region have rarely been tested based on a comparative analysis of multiple datasets, and no such study has ...
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From poachers to protectors : engaging local communities in solutions to illegal wildlife trade
(Wiley Online Library, 2016-09-26)Combating the surge of illegal wildlife trade (IWT) devastating wildlife populations is an urgent global priority for conservation. There are increasing policy commitments to take action at the local community level as ...
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The use of fynbos fragments by birds : stepping-stone habitats and resource refugia
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016-03)Fynbos habitats are threatened by fragmentation through land use and anthropogenic changes in fire regimes, leading to a loss of suitable habitat for birds. We investigated the response of fynbos-typical avifauna to ...
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Diet and seasonal dispersal of extralimital giraffe at Sanbona Wildlife Reserve, Little Karoo, South Africa
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016-08)South African giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa) have been introduced as an extralimital species to private farms in the Little Karoo on the basis of economic sustainability, and the need to create a competitive ...
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The sublethal effects of a systemic insecticide on the vine mealybug parasitoids anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (girault) and coccidoxenoides perminutus (timberlake) (hymenoptera : encyrtidae)
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2015-12)Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide used for the control of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus. However, biological control of P. ficus is the primary alternate management method recommended for the integrated control ...
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Accelerated microbial degradation of nematicides in vineyard and orchard soils
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2014-03)Accelerated microbial degradation (AMD) of organophosphate and carbamate nematicides is a phenomenon whereby biodegradation in the soil is increased, leading to a dramatically shortened persistence of nematicides. More ...
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Prospects for using entomopathogenic nematodes to control the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, in south african vineyards
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2015-07)In South Africa, the most common method of mealybug control has been the use of chemical insecticides. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae potentially can be used ...
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Control potential of brassicaceae cover crops as green manure and their host status for meloidogyne javanica and criconemoides xenoplax
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2015-12)Laboratory bioassays were undertaken to determine the potential of Avena sativa cv. Pallinup (Pallinup oats), Sinapis alba cv. Braco (white mustard), Brassica napus cv. AV Jade (canola), Brassica juncea cv. Caliente 199 ...
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Effect of management practices applied to cover crops with biofumigation properties on cover crop performance and weed control in a vineyard
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2015)This five-year trial (2009 to 2013) was carried out in a full-bearing seven-year-old Shiraz/101-14 vineyard established on a sandy to sandy clay loam soil at Blaauwklippen farm (33°58’S, 18°50’E) near Stellenbosch, South ...
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A review of odonatology in freshwater applied ecology and conservation science
(Society for Freshwater Science, 2015-05)The academic study of dragonflies and damselflies (odonatology) is well established, but relatively limited attention has been given to odonates in the context of applied ecology and conservation science. We used the Web ...
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Testing the efficacy of global biodiversity hotspots for insect conservation : the case of South African katydids
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The use of endemism and vascular plants only for biodiversity hotspot delineation has long been contested. Few studies have focused on the efficacy of global biodiversity hotspots for the conservation of insects, an ...
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Conserving a geographically isolated Charaxes butterfly in response to habitat fragmentation and invasive alien plants
(AOSIS Publishing, 2015-08)In South Africa, much of the forest biome is vulnerable to human-induced disturbance. The forest-dwelling butterfly Charaxes xiphares occidentalis is naturally confined to a small forest region in the south-western Cape, ...
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A hierarchy of factors influence discontinuous gas exchange in the grasshopper Paracinema tricolor (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
(The Company of Biologists, 2014-07)The evolutionary origin and maintenance of discontinuous gas exchange (DGE) in tracheate arthropods are poorly understood and highly controversial. We investigated prioritization of abiotic factors in the gas exchange ...
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