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Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer

Stefan D.C.; Dippenaar A.; Detjen A.K.; Schaaf H.S.; Marais B.J.; Kriel B.; Loebenberg L.; Walzl G.; Hesseling A.C. (2010)

SETTING: The paediatric oncology unit at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and two commercial interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the ...

Tuberculosis exposure in HIV-exposed infants in a high-prevalence setting

Cotton M.F.; Schaaf H.S.; Lottering G.; Weber H.L.; Coetzee J.; Nachman S. (2008)

Exposure to TB was quantified by screening human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposed infants aged 3-4 months for an isoniazid prophylaxis study where tuberculosis (TB) exposure excluded enrolment. Seventy-seven (10.1%, ...

Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Schaaf H.S.; Marais B.J.; Hesseling A.C.; Gie R.P.; Beyers N.; Donald P.R. (2006)

Aim: Continued surveillance of drug resistance amongst children presenting with culture-confirmed tuberculosis to a tertiary care hospital and to community clinics. Methods: Drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid and ...

High incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected infants: Evidence from a South African population-based study highlights the need for improved tuberculosis control strategies

Hesseling A.C.; Cotton M.F.; Jennings T.; Whitelaw A.; Johnson L.F.; Eley B.; Roux P.; Godfrey-Faussett P.; Schaaf H.S. (2009)

Background. There are limited population-based estimates of tuberculosis incidence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected infants aged ≤12 months. We aimed to estimate the population-based ...

Beijing and Haarlem genotypes are overrepresented among children with drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape province of South Africa

Marais B.J.; Victor T.C.; Hesseling A.C.; Barnard M.; Jordaan A.; Brittle W.; Reuter H.; Beyers N.; Van Helden P.D.; Warren R.M.; Schaaf H.S. (2006)

Drug resistance among children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) provides an accurate measure of transmitted drug resistance within the community. We describe the genotype diversity in children with culture-confirmed ...

Improvement in mycobacterial yield and reduced time to detection in pediatric samples by use of a nutrient broth growth supplement

Brittle W.; Marais B.J.; Hesseling A.C.; Schaaf H.S.; Kidd M.; Wasserman E.; Botha T. (2009)

There is an urgent need to improve the methods used for the bacteriological diagnosis of childhood mycobacterial disease. This study compared the mycobacterial yields and the times to detection (in days) of mycobacteria ...

The outcome of infants younger than 6 months requiring ventilation for pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Goussard P.; Gie R.P.; Kling S.; Schaaf H.S.; Kritzinger F.; Andronikou S.; Beyers N.; Rossouw G.J. (2008)

Introduction: The outcome of young infants (<6 months) being ventilated for respiratory failure caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has not been recorded. Patients and Methods: A descriptive study of children <6 ...

Failure of chemoprophylaxis with standard antituberculosis agents in child contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases

Sneag D.B.; Schaaf H.S.; Cotton M.F.; Zar H.J. (2007)

BACKGROUND: There is little published information on optimal chemoprophylaxis for children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) contacts. Current guidelines of World Health Organization suggest that isoniazid ...