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Ethionamide cross-and co-resistance in children with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis
(2009)
BACKGROUND: Ethionamide (ETH) is a structural analogue of isoniazid (INH). Both are pro-drugs requiring activation by separate and common enzyme pathways, which could lead to co-and/or cross-resistance. OBJECTIVE: To ...
Tuberculosis exposure in HIV-exposed infants in a high-prevalence setting
(2008)
Exposure to TB was quantified by screening human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposed infants aged 3-4 months for an isoniazid prophylaxis study where tuberculosis (TB) exposure excluded enrolment. Seventy-seven (10.1%, ...
Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
(2006)
Aim: Continued surveillance of drug resistance amongst children presenting with culture-confirmed tuberculosis to a tertiary care hospital and to community clinics. Methods: Drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid and ...
High incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected infants: Evidence from a South African population-based study highlights the need for improved tuberculosis control strategies
(2009)
Background. There are limited population-based estimates of tuberculosis incidence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected infants aged ≤12 months. We aimed to estimate the population-based ...
A critical look at the diagnostic value of culture-confirmation in childhood tuberculosis
(2006)
Objectives: To describe the clinical presentation, delay in diagnosis and treatment initiation, and outcome of culture-confirmed childhood tuberculosis. Methods: Retrospective study of children < 13 years of age at Tygerberg ...
Beijing and Haarlem genotypes are overrepresented among children with drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape province of South Africa
(2006)
Drug resistance among children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) provides an accurate measure of transmitted drug resistance within the community. We describe the genotype diversity in children with culture-confirmed ...
Improvement in mycobacterial yield and reduced time to detection in pediatric samples by use of a nutrient broth growth supplement
(2009)
There is an urgent need to improve the methods used for the bacteriological diagnosis of childhood mycobacterial disease. This study compared the mycobacterial yields and the times to detection (in days) of mycobacteria ...
An HIV-infected infant with Bacille Calmette-Guérin disease, recurrent and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis complicated by acute cor pulmonale and hepatitis while on antiretroviral therapy
(2007)
We describe the management of an HIV-infected infant with multisystem disease. The infant presented with severe disease at 3 months of age. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) was delayed through initial lack of ...
The outcome of infants younger than 6 months requiring ventilation for pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(2008)
Introduction: The outcome of young infants (<6 months) being ventilated for respiratory failure caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has not been recorded. Patients and Methods: A descriptive study of children <6 ...
Diagnostic dilemmas in abdominal tuberculosis in children
(2001)
The authors review 45 pediatric patients with intra-abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) treated between May 1990 and April 1998. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically or by positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ...