Department of Physiological Sciences
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Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients : the immune system’s sweet tooth
(BioMed Central, 2017)There is an ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of glycaemic control in critically ill patients. Here we briefly highlight the key function of elevated glucose in critically ill patients, namely, to enable elevation of ...
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Enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer patients by short-term fasting : the autophagy connection
(Frontiers Media, 2016)Preclinical studies suggest that fasting prior to chemotherapy may be an effective strategy to protect patients against the adverse effects of chemo-toxicity. Fasting may also sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. It is ...
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Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients : the immune system’s sweet tooth
(BioMed Central, 2017)There is an ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of glycaemic control in critically ill patients. Here we briefly highlight the key function of elevated glucose in critically ill patients, namely, to enable elevation of ...
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Limited role of culture conversion for decision-making in individual patient care and for advancing novel regimens to confirmatory clinical trials
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Despite recent increased clinical trials activity, no regimen has proved able to replace the standard 6-month regimen for drug-sensitive tuberculosis. Understanding the relationship between microbiological ...
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Bone mineral density in people living with HIV : a narrative review of the literature
(BioMed Central, 2017-07-26)Bone health status is largely absent in South Africa, the main reasons being the absence and cost-effectiveness of specific screening equipment for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Various risk factors seem to play a ...
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Trimetazidine therapy for diabetic mouse hearts subjected to ex vivo acute heart failure
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most common primary diagnosis for hospitalized heart diseases in Africa. As increased fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) during heart failure triggers detrimental effects on the myocardium, we ...
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Resveratrol co-treatment attenuates the effects of HIV protease inhibitors on rat body weight and enhances cardiac mitochondrial respiration
(Public Library of Science, 2017-01-20)Since the early 1990s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) emerged as a global health pandemic, with sub-Saharan Africa the hardest hit. While the successful roll-out of antiretroviral ...
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Exosome dynamics and changes in a selection of their microRNA cargo in response to an acute bout of eccentrically-biased exercise in healthy human volunteers
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale (30 to 1000 nm diameter) mediators of intercellular information transfer, shuttling diverse cargos including functional nucleic acids, proteins and ...
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Mitochondrial catastrophe during doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity : An evaluation of the protective role of melatonin.
(Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DXR), are among the most valuable treatments for various cancers, but their clinical use is limited due to detrimental side-effects such as cardiotoxicity. ...
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Elucidation of molecular mechanisms that may contribute to polyphenol-induced effects on neutrophil chemokinesis
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Grape-derived products are high in polyphenols and are known to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In vivo studies in the context of muscle injury-induced inflammation have proven grape ...
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An evaluation of the hepatic proteomic signature in identifying cancer tolerance and resistance mechanisms in a mouse allograft system
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background The unfavourable therapeutic index of most treatment modalities has greatly impeded progress in the development of effective cancer therapy. Therefore a need exists for treatment modalities ...
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Deubiquitination : does the answer to cardiotoxicity lie within the ubiquitin proteasome pathway
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Cardiotoxicity, a complication that arises from anthracycline use is one that has confounded scientists for decades. Attempts have been made to attenuate the development of this condition ...
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Assessment of Metabolic Therapy for Acute Heart Failure
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most common primary diagnosis for hospitalized heart disease cases in Africa. Increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) with heart failure (HF) triggers detrimental ...
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Injury surveillance during the 2011 FNB Varsity Cup rugby season
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to establish and compare the injury incidence in forwards and backline players during the 2011 FNB Varsity Cup season. The secondary objective was to establish and ...
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Sutherlandia frutescens may exacerbate HIV-associated neuroinflammation
(BioMed Central, 2015-07-18)Background: Neuroinflammation is central to the aetiology of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) that are prevalent in late stage AIDS. Anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments are rolled out relatively late in the ...
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The association between the metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density in pre- and post-menopausal farm workers
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction and aims: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing, both globally and in South Africa. Albeit so, limited data have been published in the South African context. One of ...
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The nitric oxide donor Molsidomine shows therapeutic benefit toward muscle repair after an acute impact injury, in rats.
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Muscle injuries are highly prevalent and arise from a multitude of situations. Trauma to the soft tissue is painful and debilitating and it requires extensive healing that often involves the ...
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Association between the metabolic syndrome and cancer risk : the potential role of fatty acids on body composition
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Sub-Sahara Africa is experiencing an epidemiological transition with an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance (IR) and ...
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The role of the AHNAK protein in breast cancer : implications for tumour metastasis and chemoresistance
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction – Cancer continues to have a significant impact on society. While there has been much success in characterising tumours and identifying targetable markers, two major problems are still faced ...
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Modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation using a grape seed derived polyphenol
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Oxidative stress and inflammation are intricately interlinked, especially in the context of ageing/accelerated ageing, as well as several chronic disease states, where they are implicated as aetiological ...
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Oxidatives stress and adipocyte biology : focus on therole of AGEs
(Hindawi, 2015-03)Diabetes is a major health problem that is usually associated with obesity, together with hyperglycemia and increased advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation. Elevated AGEs elicit severe downstream consequences ...
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Commentary on : "A common origin for immunity and digestion"
(Frontiers Media, 2015-05)No abstract
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Muscle ring finger-3 protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy induced by a high fat diet
(BioMed Central, 2015-07)Background: The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) involves the enhanced activation of peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR) transcription factors, including the most prominent isoform in the ...
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Bcl‑2 confers survival in cisplatin treated cervical cancer cells: circumventing cisplatin dose‑dependent toxicity and resistance
(BioMed Central, 2015-10)Background: Cisplatin is the main chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of cervical cancers, however resistance to cisplatin is increasingly common and therefore has limited the efficacy and use of this drug in the ...
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Sickness-associated anorexia : mother nature’s idea of immunonutrition?
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016)During an infection, expansion of immune cells, assembly of antibodies, and the induction of a febrile response collectively place continual metabolic strain on the host. These considerations also provide a rationale for ...
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The role of ketone bodies in autophagic flux, cellular energetics and injury-induced neurotoxicity
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease and leading cause of dementia globally, with an increasing prevalence especially in developing countries such as South Africa. ...
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Cardio-metabolic effects of anti-retroviral treatment in the Cape Winelands region of South Africa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients there are increased concerns regarding the ...
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Does cardioprotection by autophagy go beyond acute cardiotoxicity?
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction and Aim The discovery of Doxorubicin (DOX) in the 1960s has drastically improved the survival rates of cancer patients; however, its success is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. While ...
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Correlations between stress-associated anxiety and physiological determinants of health in adolescents
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent of psychiatric disorders across age groups, with onset typically in childhood or early adolescence, and risk for developing an anxiety disorder increasing ...
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Association between cancer, adipose tissue and selected systemic markers : a possible classification according to body shape
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors associated with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases of lifestyle, and has more recently been associated with cancer risk. ...
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