The perception of patients regarding comprehensive care rendered by Clinical Nurse Practitioners in the West Coast rural district in the Western Cape

Date
2012-03
Authors
Van Heerden, Petro
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Primary Health Care (PHC) provide a quality, comprehensive health service to the community, based on the principles of equity, affordability, accessibility and community participation. It is a nurse driven service with the Clinical Nurse Practitioner (CNP), a registered nurse specialising in the clinical elements of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention at the forefront. It is against this background that this study was endeavored to investigate the community’s perceptions and lived experiences of the quality of care being rendered by CNPs in the West Coast rural district of the Western Cape. The objectives of this study included the following: - To explore and describe the perceptions of patients in the West Coast rural community regarding the attitudes, knowledge and skills of CNPs. - To provide policy makers with feedback and possible recommendations with regards to the implementation of this nurse driven PHC service. - To provide recommendations for improvement of the existing curricula at nursing education institutions based on whether the current training meets patients’ needs and thereby possibly influence curricular change. A qualitative, descriptive, research design was used. The guideline by Colaizzi (as cited in Streubert & Carpenter, 1999:14) was used for data collection and analysis. Twenty-six participants took part in five different group interviews. Semi-structured, open ended questions were used to encourage the participants to actively partake. Each interview was audio taped and field notes were taken. Thematic analyses was performed to highlight three main themes, i.e. the attitudes of the CNPs, the knowledge and skills of CNPs, and the impact of the current training programmes on the quality of care being rendered by these CNPs. Written approval from the Ethics Research Committee, University of Stellenbosch, as well as from the Research unit of the Western Cape Department of Health was obtained. Prior informed consent was further obtained from each participant, after being assured of voluntary participation, confidentiality and anonymity. Credibility, dependability and transferability were ensured by returning to two participants who validated that the transcripts were a true reflection of their experiencesand opinions. This study concluded that patients perceived CNPs as being unfriendly, uncompassionate and unprofessional. Dissatisfaction with the prevalence of unjust practices due to family members and certain race groups being attended to first by CNPs, were expressed. Participants found the competency levels of CNPs more than adequate when assessing, examining and providing health information and medicine. However, they expressed the need that CNPs should be able to prescribe a greater variety of medicines and perform more diagnostic tests than currently permitted by the scope of practice as set out by the South African Nursing Council. Therefore, these views of the participants indicated that the current postgraduate training programme do fulfill their health needs, although the need for expansion of the role and function of the CNP were expressed. Recommendations made included: - An in-depth investigation into the alleged rude attitudes of CNPs should be undertaken, soas to improve the professional behavior of CNPs towards patients. - Applicable policy makers should consider expanding the roles and functions of the CNP. - Enforcing continuous, professional competency through adequate and productive in-service training programmes. In conclusion, this study showed that CNPs need to be constantly aware that they work with human beings, with feelings and with health needs. The need for a therapeutic environment is thus crucial to the rendering of a quality, comprehensive service to the community they serve.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Primêre Gesondheidsorg (PGS) voorsien ’n kwaliteit, omvattende gesondheidsdiens aan die gemeenskap, gebaseer op die beginsels van gelykheid, bekostigbaarheid, toeganklikheid en gemeenskaps-betrokkenheid.Dit is `n verpleegaangedrewe diens met die Kliniese Verpleegspraktisyn (KVP) wat gespesialiseerd is in die kliniese elemente van primêre, sekondêre en tersiêre voorkoming, aan die voortou. Dit is teen hierdie agtergrond wat hierdie studie aangepak is, ten einde ondersoek in te stel aangaande die gemeenskap se persepsies en geleefde ervarings van die kwaliteit van sorg wat deur KVPs in die plattelandse Weskusdistrik van die Wes-Kaap gelewer word. Die doelwitte van hierdie studie het die volgende ingesluit: - Om die persepsies van pasiënte, rakende die ingesteldhede (gedrag), kennis en vaardighede van KVPs te ondersoek. - Om toepaslike beleidsmakers metterugvoer en moontlike aanbevelings te voorsien aangaande die implimentering van verpleegaangedrewe, PGS. - Om aanbevelings te maak vir die verbetering van bestaande kurrikula aan verpleegopleidingsinstellings op grond van óf die huidige opleiding in pasiëntbehoeftes voorsien, en sodoende kurrikulumverandering moontlik te beïnvloed. ’n Kwalitatiewe, beskrywende navorsingsontwerp is gebruik. Die raamwerk van Colaizzi (soos beskryf in Streubert & Carpenter, 1999:14) is tydens datainsameling en analiese gebruik. Ses-en-twintig deelnemers het aan die vyf verskillende groepsonderhoude deelgeneem. Semi-gestruktureerde, oop-einde vrae was gebruik om die deelnemers aan te moedig om aktief aan die besprekings deel te neem. Elke onderhoud is op oudio band opgeneem en veldnotas is gemaak. Tydens analiese is drie hooftemas geïdentifiseer, nl die houdings van KVPs, die kennis en vaardighede van die KVPs sowel as die impak van die opleidingsprogram op die kwaliteit van sorg wat deur KVPs gelewer word. Skriftelike toestemming vir die studie is by die Etiese Navorsingkommittee, Universiteit van Stellenbosch, asook die Navorsingseenheid van die Wes- Kaapse Departement van Gesondheid verkry. Voorafgaande toestemming is voorts vanaf elke deelnemer verkry, nadat hulle verseker is van vrywillige deelname, konfidensialiteit en anonimiteit. Geloofwaardigheid, afhanklikheid en oordraagbaarheid is verseker, deur na twee van die deelnemers terug te gaan wat die transkripsies geverifieër het as juis en korrek. In hierdie studie is tot die slotsom gekom dat pasiënte KVPs as onvriendelik enongevoeligervaar het. Onbillike praktyke kom steeds voor, deurdat familielede en sekere rassegroepe voorkeur behandeling kry. Deelnemers se ervarings aangaande die bevoegdheid van KVPs was as toereikend beskryf aangaande die assessering, ondersoek en voorsiening van gesondheidsinligting en medisyne. Hulle het egter ook die behoefte uitgespreek dat die KVP’s `n groter verskeidenheid medisyne behoort voor te skryf en meer diagnostiese toetse behoort te kan uitvoer as wat tans binne die bestek van praktyk, soos neergelê deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging, moontlik is. Hierdie persepsie van die deelnemers impliseer dat die huidige nagraadse opleidingsprogram voldoende is en hul gesondheidsbehoeftes aanspreek. Die behoefte vir die uitbreiding van die rol en funksie van die KVP is egter uitgespreek. Die aanbevelings wat gemaak is sluit in: - ’n In-diepte ondersoek oor die onbeskofte ingesteldhede van KVPs behoort uitgevoer te word, ten einde die professionele gedrag van KVPs teenoor pasiënte te verbeter. - Beleidmakers behoort die uitbreiding van die rolle en funksies van die KVP te oorweeg. - Benadruk voortgesette, professionele bevoegdheid deur toepaslike en produktiewe indiensopleidingsprogramme. Ter aflsuiting: hierdie studie het aangetoon dat KVPs voortdurend bewus moetbly dat hulle met mense werk wat gevoelens het en wat gesondheidshulp benodig. Dit is uiters belangrik om aan die behoeftesvan ’n terapeutiese omgewing te voorsien, ten einde ’n kwaliteit, omvattende diens aan die gemeenskap te lewer.
Description
Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
Keywords
Comprehensive care, Clinical nurses -- South Africa -- West Coast, Patients -- Care of, Dissertations -- Nursing, Theses -- Nursing
Citation