Browsing Research Articles (Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies) by Title
Now showing items 7-26 of 67
-
Causal cognition, force dynamics and early hunting technologies
(Frontiers Media, 2018)With this contribution we analyze ancient hunting technologies as one way to explore the development of causal cognition in the hominin lineage. Building on earlier work, we separate seven grades of causal thinking. By ... -
Cell-autonomous role of GFRα1 in the development of olfactory bulb GABAergic interneurons
(The Company of Biologists, 2018-05-18)GFRα1, a receptor for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), is critical for the development of the main olfactory system. The olfactory bulb (OB) of Gfra1 knockout mice shows significant reductions in the ... -
Childhood obesity in urban Ghana : evidence from a cross-sectional survey of in-school children aged 5–16 years
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-11-26)Background: Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern in many low-income urban settings; but its determinants are not clear. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of childhood obesity and associated ... -
COMODI : an ontology to characterise differences in versions of computational models in biology
(BioMed Central, 2016-07-11)Background: Open model repositories provide ready-to-reuse computational models of biological systems. Models within those repositories evolve over time, leading to different model versions. Taken together, the underlying ... -
Competition between silicifiers and non-silicifiers in the past and present ocean and its evolutionary impacts
(Frontiers Media, 2018)Competition is a central part of the evolutionary process, and silicification is no exception: between biomineralized and non-biomineralized organisms, between siliceous and non-siliceous biomineralizing organisms, and ... -
Consumer-resource dynamics : quantity, quality, and allocation
(Public Library of Science, 2011-01-20)Background: The dominant paradigm for modeling the complexities of interacting populations and food webs is a system of coupled ordinary differential equations in which the state of each species, population, or functional ... -
A continuous-time persistent random walk model for flocking
(AIP Publishing, 2018)A classical random walker is characterized by a random position and velocity. This sort of random walk was originally proposed by Einstein to model Brownian motion and to demonstrate the existence of atoms and molecules. ... -
Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation
(University of Chicago Press, 2018)During the process of speciation, populations may diverge for traits and at their underlying loci that contribute barriers to gene flow. These barrier traits and barrier loci underlie individual barrier effects, by which ... -
COVID-19 Disease map, building a computational repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms
(Springer Nature, 2020)We announce the COVID-19 Disease Map (https://doi.org/10.17881/covid19-disease-map), an effort to build a comprehensive, standardized knowledge repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms, guided by input ... -
Death domain signaling by disulfide-linked dimers of the p75 neurotrophin receptor mediates neuronal death in the CNS
(Society for Neuroscience, 2016-05-18)The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) mediates neuronal death in response to neural insults by activating a caspase apoptotic pathway. The oligomeric state and activation mechanism that enable p75NTR to mediate these ... -
Declaration on mental health in Africa : moving to implementation
(Co-Action Publishing, 2014-06-16)Urgent action is needed to address mental health issues globally. In Africa, where mental health disorders account for a huge burden of disease and disability, and where in general less than 1% of the already small health ... -
“Deeper into a hole?” : borrowing and lending in South Africa
(University of Chicago Press Journals, 2014-08)In South Africa, with upward mobility much aspired to but seldom attained, householders must spend money they have not yet earned. Borrowing both from formal institutions and smaller moneylenders (legal and illegal) positions ... -
Demonstration and pantomime in the evolution of teaching
(Frontiers Media, 2017)Donald proposes that early Homo evolved mimesis as a new form of cognition. This article investigates the mimesis hypothesis in relation to the evolution of teaching. The fundamental capacities that distinguish hominin ... -
Developmental origins of health and disease in Africa - influencing early life
(Elsevier, 2018)It is well established that Africa is undergoing rapid transitions resulting in a triple burden of malnutrition, infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs).1,2 That health systems are unlikely to be able to ... -
Diffusion markers of dendritic density and arborization in gray matter predict differences in intelligence
(Nature Research (part of Springer Nature), 2018)Previous research has demonstrated that individuals with higher intelligence are more likely to have larger gray matter volume in brain areas predominantly located in parieto-frontal regions. These findings were usually ... -
Dissecting long-term glucose metabolism identifies new susceptibility period for metabolic dysfunction in aged mice
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Metabolic disorders, like diabetes and obesity, are pathogenic outcomes of imbalance in glucose metabolism. Nutrient excess and mitochondrial imbalance are implicated in dysfunctional glucose metabolism with age. We used ... -
Effectiveness of home-based nutritional counselling and support on exclusive breastfeeding in urban poor settings in Nairobi : a cluster randomized controlled trial
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2017)Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) improves infant health and survival. We tested the effectiveness of a homebased intervention using Community Health Workers (CHWs) on EBF for six months in urban poor settings in ... -
Effectiveness of the baby-friendly community initiative in promoting exclusive breastfeeding among HIV negative and positive mothers : a randomized controlled trial in Koibatek Sub-County, Baringo, Kenya
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-07-14)Background: Although the baby-friendly community initiative (BFCI) has been proposed as a community-level approach to improve infant feeding practices, there is little data on its variation in effectiveness by HIV status. ... -
Enabling multiscale modeling in systems medicine
(BioMed Central, 2014-03)[See article for abstract]. -
Epigenetic regulation of lateralized fetal spinal gene expression underlies hemispheric asymmetries
(eLife Sciences Publications, 2017)Lateralization is a fundamental principle of nervous system organization but its molecular determinants are mostly unknown. In humans, asymmetric gene expression in the fetal cortex has been suggested as the molecular basis ...
