Browsing Research Articles (Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies) by Title
Now showing items 14-33 of 67
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Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation
(University of Chicago Press, 2018)During the process of speciation, populations may diverge for traits and at their underlying loci that contribute barriers to gene flow. These barrier traits and barrier loci underlie individual barrier effects, by which ... -
COVID-19 Disease map, building a computational repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms
(Springer Nature, 2020)We announce the COVID-19 Disease Map (https://doi.org/10.17881/covid19-disease-map), an effort to build a comprehensive, standardized knowledge repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms, guided by input ... -
Death domain signaling by disulfide-linked dimers of the p75 neurotrophin receptor mediates neuronal death in the CNS
(Society for Neuroscience, 2016-05-18)The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) mediates neuronal death in response to neural insults by activating a caspase apoptotic pathway. The oligomeric state and activation mechanism that enable p75NTR to mediate these ... -
Declaration on mental health in Africa : moving to implementation
(Co-Action Publishing, 2014-06-16)Urgent action is needed to address mental health issues globally. In Africa, where mental health disorders account for a huge burden of disease and disability, and where in general less than 1% of the already small health ... -
“Deeper into a hole?” : borrowing and lending in South Africa
(University of Chicago Press Journals, 2014-08)In South Africa, with upward mobility much aspired to but seldom attained, householders must spend money they have not yet earned. Borrowing both from formal institutions and smaller moneylenders (legal and illegal) positions ... -
Demonstration and pantomime in the evolution of teaching
(Frontiers Media, 2017)Donald proposes that early Homo evolved mimesis as a new form of cognition. This article investigates the mimesis hypothesis in relation to the evolution of teaching. The fundamental capacities that distinguish hominin ... -
Developmental origins of health and disease in Africa - influencing early life
(Elsevier, 2018)It is well established that Africa is undergoing rapid transitions resulting in a triple burden of malnutrition, infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs).1,2 That health systems are unlikely to be able to ... -
Diffusion markers of dendritic density and arborization in gray matter predict differences in intelligence
(Nature Research (part of Springer Nature), 2018)Previous research has demonstrated that individuals with higher intelligence are more likely to have larger gray matter volume in brain areas predominantly located in parieto-frontal regions. These findings were usually ... -
Dissecting long-term glucose metabolism identifies new susceptibility period for metabolic dysfunction in aged mice
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Metabolic disorders, like diabetes and obesity, are pathogenic outcomes of imbalance in glucose metabolism. Nutrient excess and mitochondrial imbalance are implicated in dysfunctional glucose metabolism with age. We used ... -
Effectiveness of home-based nutritional counselling and support on exclusive breastfeeding in urban poor settings in Nairobi : a cluster randomized controlled trial
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2017)Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) improves infant health and survival. We tested the effectiveness of a homebased intervention using Community Health Workers (CHWs) on EBF for six months in urban poor settings in ... -
Effectiveness of the baby-friendly community initiative in promoting exclusive breastfeeding among HIV negative and positive mothers : a randomized controlled trial in Koibatek Sub-County, Baringo, Kenya
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-07-14)Background: Although the baby-friendly community initiative (BFCI) has been proposed as a community-level approach to improve infant feeding practices, there is little data on its variation in effectiveness by HIV status. ... -
Enabling multiscale modeling in systems medicine
(BioMed Central, 2014-03)[See article for abstract]. -
Epigenetic regulation of lateralized fetal spinal gene expression underlies hemispheric asymmetries
(eLife Sciences Publications, 2017)Lateralization is a fundamental principle of nervous system organization but its molecular determinants are mostly unknown. In humans, asymmetric gene expression in the fetal cortex has been suggested as the molecular basis ... -
Evolution of computational models in BioModels Database and the Physiome Model Repository
(BioMed Central, 2018-04-12)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: A useful model is one that is being (re)used. The development of a successful model does not finish with its publication. During reuse, models are being modified, i.e. expanded, corrected, and ... -
Factors influencing the use of supervised delivery services in Garu-Tempane District, Ghana
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-04-27)Background: There is evidence that supervised delivery has the potential to improve birth outcomes for both women and newborns. However, not all women especially in low-income settings like Ghana use supervised delivery ... -
General criterion for harmonicity
(American Physical Society, 2017)Inspired by Kubo-Anderson Markov processes, we introduce a new class of transfer matrices whose largest eigenvalue is determined by a simple explicit algebraic equation. Applications include the free energy calculation for ... -
How spatial scale shapes the generation and management of multiple ecosystem services
(Ecological Society of America, 2017)The spatial extent of ecological processes has consequences for the generation of ecosystem services related to them. However, management often fails to consider issues of scale when targeting ecological processes underpinning ... -
Image-based mHealth for remote diagnostic assistance a means to promote equity in quality care
(Taylor & Francis Open, 2017)No abstract -
An integrated approach to processing WHO-2016 verbal autopsy data : the InterVA-5 model
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-05-30)Background: Verbal autopsy is an increasingly important methodology for assigning causes to otherwise uncertified deaths, which amount to around 50% of global mortality and cause much uncertainty for health planning. The ... -
An integrative network-driven pipeline for systematic identification of lncRNA-associated regulatory network motifs in metastatic melanoma
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-07-23)Background: Melanoma phenotype and the dynamics underlying its progression are determined by a complex interplay between different types of regulatory molecules. In particular, transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs ...
