Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1-20 of 4143

    • Phase 2b controlled trial of M72/AS01E vaccine to prevent tuberculosis 

      Van der Meeren, Olivier; Hatherill, Mark; Nduba, Videlis; Wilkinson, Robert J.; Muyoyeta, Monde; Van Brakel, Elana; Ayles, Helen M.; Henostroza, German; Thienemann, Friedrich; Scriba, Thomas J.; Diacon, Andreas; Blatner, Gretta L.; Demoitie, Marie-Ange; Tameris, Michele; Malahleha, Mookho; Innes, James C.; Hellstrom, Elizabeth; Martinson, Neil; Singh, Tina; Akite, Elaine J.; Khatoon Azam, Aisha; Bollaerts, Anne; Ginsberg, Ann M.; Evans, Thomas G.; Gillard, Paul; Tait, Dereck R. (Massachusetts Medical Society, 2018-10-25)
      BACKGROUND: A vaccine to interrupt the transmission of tuberculosis is needed. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of the M72/AS01E tuberculosis vaccine in Kenya, South ...

    • Global mortality from firearms, 1990-2016 

      Naghavi, Mohsen; Marczak, Laurie B.; Kutz, Michael; Shackelford, Katya Anne; Arora, Megha; Miller-Petrie, Molly; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alam, Khurshid; Alghnam, Suliman A.; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Aremu, Olatunde; Arora, Amit; Asadi-Lari, Mohsen; Assadi, Reza; Atey, Tesfay Mehari; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Behzadifar, Masoud; Behzadifar, Meysam; Bennett, James R.; Bhalla, Ashish; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Bilal, Arebu Issa; Borges, Guilherme; Borschmann, Rohan; Brazinova, Alexandra; Rincon, Julio Cesar Campuzano; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I.; De Leo, Diego; Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda; Ding, Eric L.; Do, Huyen Phuc; Doku, David Teye; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Driscoll, Tim Robert; Edessa, Dumessa; El-Khatib, Ziad; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Esteghamati, Alireza; Faro, Andre; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L.; Fischer, Florian; Foreman, Kyle J.; Franklin, Richard Charles; Fullman, Nancy; Futran, Neal D.; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gutierrez, Reyna Alma; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Hawley, Caitlin; Hendrie, Delia; Hijar, Martha; Hu, Guoqing; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; James, Spencer L.; Jayaraman, Sudha; Jonas, Jost B.; Kahsay, Amaha; Kasaeian, Amir; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Khader, Yousef; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khang, Young-Ho; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Yun Jin; Kosen, Soewarta; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Kumar, G. Anil; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lansingh, Van C.; Larson, Heidi Jane; Linn, Shai; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy; Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mason-Jones, Amanda J.; Matzopoulos, Richard; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Mendoza, Walter; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Miller, Ted R.; Mohammed, Shafiu; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Mori, Rintaro; Nand, Devina; Nguyen, Cuong Tat; Le Nguyen, Quyen; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Patton, George C.; Phillips, Michael R.; Polinder, Suzanne; Pourmalek, Farshad; Qorbani, Mostafa; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Salama, Joseph S.; Sanabria, Juan; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo; Sartorius, Benn; Satpathy, Maheswar; Schwebel, David C.; Seedat, Soraya; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Sharew, Nigussie Tadesse; Shiue, Ivy; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Sisay, Mekonnen; Skirbekk, Vegard; Filho, Adauto Martins Soares; Stein, Dan J.; Stokes, Mark Andrew; Sufiyan, Mu’awiyyah Babale; Swaroop, Mamta; Sykes, Bryan L.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tadese, Fentaw; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tran, Tung Thanh; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Vlassov, Vasily; Werdecker, Andrea; Ye, Pengpeng; Yip, Paul; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Zaidi, Zoubida; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Hay, Simon I.; Lim, Stephen S.; Lopez, Alan D.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Vos, Theo; Murray, Christopher J. L. (American Medical Association, 2018)
      Importance: Understanding global variation in firearm mortality rates could guide prevention policies and interventions. Objective: To estimate mortality due to firearm injury deaths from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries ...

    • Shaping a decolonised sport history curriculum through the national question 

      Cleophas, Francois J. (South African Society for History Teaching, 2018-12)
      A renewed interest in decolonising the university curriculum in South Africa was sparked by the student protests of 2015. University faculties and departments throughout the country responded. Sport Science departments, ...

    • Writing and contextualising local history. A historical narrative of the Wellington Horticultural Society (Coloured) 

      Cleophas, Francois J. (South African Society for History Teaching, 2014-07)
      The purpose of this study was to enhance local history as a focus area in a Higher Education (HE) teaching context. This article documenteda case study of thepractice of flower growing as a recreational-competitive activity. ...

    • Dietary patterns and food behaviours of pregnant youth : a survey in the Polokwane Local Municipality of Limpopo Province, South Africa 

      Bopape, M. M.; Alberts, M.; Mbhenyane, X. G. (Avens Publishing Group, 2018)
      Youth pregnancy continues to be a public health concern in South Africa, while nutrition during the first thousand days has become a focus of child and maternal focus and interventions. The study aimed to determine the ...

    • Feasibility and acceptability of a bar-based sexual risk reduction intervention for bar patrons in Tshwane, South Africa 

      Morojele, Neo K.; Kitlelic, Naledi; Ngakod, Kgalabi; Kekwaletswe, Connie T.; Nkosi, Sebenzile; Fritz, Katherine; Parry, Charles D. H. (Taylor & Francis Open, 2014)
      Alcohol consumption is a recognised risk factor for HIV infection. Alcohol serving establishments have been identified as appropriate venues in which to deliver HIV prevention interventions. This paper describes experiences ...

    • Next generation clinical guidance for primary care in South Africa – credible, consistent and pragmatic 

      Machingaidze, Shingai; Grimmer, Karen; Louw, Quinette; Kredo, Tamara; Young, Taryn; Volmink, Jimmy (Public Library of Science, 2018-03-30)
      Background: Agreed international development standards underpin high quality de novo clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). There is however, no international consensus on how high quality CPGs should ‘look’; or on whether ...

    • Children with HIV : a scoping review of auditory processing skills 

      Dawood, Gouwa; Klop, Daleen; Olivier, Elrietha; Elliott, Haley; Pillay, Mershen (Public Library of Science, 2019)
      Introduction: Auditory processing disorders can negatively affect academic performance in children. They can result from a number of aetiologies, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although studies in ...

    • The problem of hospital malnutrition in the African continent 

      Blaauw, Renee; Achar, Esther; Dolman, Robin C.; Harbron, Janetta; Moens, Merel; Munyi, Faith; Nyatefe, Dzifa; Visser, Janicke (MDPI, 2019)
      This study aims to determine the prevalence of risk of malnutrition on admission and discharge in African hospitals, and to identify the association with selected indicators. In this multi-center prospective cohort study, ...

    • An innovative method for clinical practice guideline contextualisation for chronic musculoskeletal pain in the South African context 

      Ernstzen, D. V.; Hillier, S. L.; Louw, Q. A. (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019)
      Background: Clinical guidelines produced in developed nations may not be appropriate in resource-constrained environments, due to differences in cultural, societal, economic and policy contexts. The purpose of this article ...

    • Spermatozoa : a historical perspective 

      Suarez, Jenniffer Puerta; Du Plessis, Stefan S.; Maya, Walter D. C. (Royan Institute, 2018)
      ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 100,000th scientific article on the subject of spermatozoa was recently published. Numerous studies evaluated the characteristics of this important cell that led to tremendous discoveries. Since its ...

    • Revisiting the relationship between the ejaculatory abstinence period and semen characteristics 

      Ayad, Bashir M.; Van der Horst, Gerhard; Du Plessis, Stefan S. (Royan Institute, 2018)
      ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Variation in the ejaculatory abstinence period suggested by different guidance bodies have resulted in a growing concern among researchers and clinicians over what the precise period of ejaculatory ...

    • The current aetiology of malignant pleural effusion in the Western Cape Province, South Africa 

      Koegelenberg, C. F. N.; Bennji, S. M.; Boer, E.; Schubert, P. T.; Shaw, J. A.; Allwood, B. W.; Irusen, E. M. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018-04)
      Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) represents a very common cause of pleural exudates, and is one of the most challenging pleural disorders to manage. This could be attributed to the paucity of high-quality ...

    • Perceptions of alcohol use in the context of HIV treatment : a qualitative study 

      Madhombiro, Munyaradzi; Marimbe-Dube, Bazondlile; Dube, Michelle; Kaiyo-Utete, Malinda; Paradzai, Angeline; Chibanda, Dixon; Rusakaniko, Simbarashe; Van Der Watt, A. S. J.; Seedat, Soraya (Dove Medical Press, 2018)
      Background: Alcohol use is associated with poor HIV treatment outcomes. This study aimed to understand patients’ perceptions of the impact of alcohol use in the context of HIV care. Methods: The study design was a descriptive ...

    • Establishing a multidisciplinary AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma clinic : patient characteristics, management and outcomes 

      Burger, H.; Ismail, Z.; Taljaard, J. J. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018-12)
      Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) typically occurs in the setting of immunodeficiency and specifically in the presence of HIV infection, when it is called AIDS-associated KS (AIDS-KS). In spite of impressive gains in the ...

    • 'Going the extra mile' : supervisors’ perspectives on what makes a 'good' intern 

      De Villiers, M.; Van Heerden, B.; Van Schalkwyk, S. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018-10)
      Background: Much has been published on whether newly graduated doctors are ready for practice, seeking to understand how to better prepare graduates for the workplace. Most studies focus on undergraduate education as ...

    • Antimicrobial stewardship in a rural regional hospital – growing a positive culture 

      Junaid, E.; Jenkins, L.; Swanepoel, H.; North, Z.; Gould, T. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018-07)
      Antimicrobial stewardship programmes have been introduced worldwide in response to the rise in antimicrobial resistance. The World Health Organization has mandated each Member State to produce a plan to address this problem. ...

    • The costs and cost effectiveness of providing second-trimester medical and surgical safe abortion services in Western Cape Province, South Africa 

      Lince-Deroche, Naomi; Constant, Deborah; Harries, Jane; Kluge, Judith; Blanchard, Kelly; Sinanovic, Edina; Grossman, Daniel (Public Library of Science, 2018-06-28)
      Background: In South Africa, access to second-trimester abortion services, which are generally performed using medical induction with misoprostol alone, is challenging for many women. We aimed to estimate the costs and ...

    • Combined evaluation of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected pregnant women and infant HIV transmission 

      Adachi, Kristina; Xu, Jiahong; Yeganeh, Nava; Camarca, Margaret; Morgado, Mariza G.; Watts, D. Heather; Mofenson, Lynne M.; Veloso, Valdilea G.; Pilotto, Jose Henrique; Joao, Esau; Gray, Glenda; Theron, Gerhard; Santos, Breno; Fonseca, Rosana; Kreitchmann, Regis; Pinto, Jorge; Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa M.; Ceriotto, Mariana; Machado, Daisy Maria; Bryson, Yvonne J.; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Moye, Jack; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Bristow, Claire C.; Dickover, Ruth; Mirochnick, Mark; Nielsen, Karin (PLOS, 2018-01-05)
      Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (TP), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) may lead to adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes. The ...

    • Development of a richer measure of health outcomes incorporating the impacts of income inequality, ethnic diversity, and ICT development on health 

      Rana, Rezwanul Hasan; Alam, Khorshed; Gow, Jeff (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018)
      Background: In the literature, measuring health outcomes usually entails examining one dependent variable using cross-sectional data. Using a combination of mortality and morbidity variables, this study developed a new, ...