Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1-20 of 3444
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Treatment with a fixed dose combination antiretroviral therapy drug containing tenofovir, emtricitabine and efavirenz is associated with cardioprotection in high calorie diet-induced obese rats
(Public Library of Science, 2018-12-05)HIV-infection, certain antiretroviral drug classes, especially protease inhibitors (PI), and obesity are associated with increased ischaemic heart disease (IHD) risk. However, the effect of PI-free fixed dose combination ... -
South African guideline on deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2017)Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, associated with severe impairment of quality of life. Although the motor aspects of the illness are typically successfully treated with medications ... -
Obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with previous tuberculosis : pathophysiology of a community-based cohort
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2017)Background. An association between chronic airflow limitation (CAL) and a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) has been confirmed in epidemiological studies, but the mechanisms responsible for this association are ... -
A framework for preventing healthcare-associated infection in neonates and children in South Africa
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2017)Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is a frequent and serious complication affecting 4 - 8% of hospitalised children and neonates in high-income countries. The burden of HAI in South African (SA) paediatric and neonatal ... -
Targeting mothers and selling men what they do not want : a response to "Missed opportunities for circumcision of boys"
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2017)No abstract available -
Sexual and reproductive health services utilization by female sex workers is contextspecific : results from a cross-sectional survey in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2017)Background: Female sex workers (FSWs) are extremely vulnerable to adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. To mitigate these risks, they require access to services covering not only HIV prevention but also ... -
Emergency contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and practices among female students at the University of Botswana : a descriptive survey
(AOSIS publishing, 2018-09)Background: Unintended pregnancies are associated with unsafe abortions and maternal deaths, particularly in countries such as Botswana, where abortion is illegal. Many of these unwanted pregnancies could be avoided by ... -
Oncolytic potency and reduced virus tumorspecificity in oncolytic virotherapy. A mathematical modelling approach
(Public Library of Science, 2017)In the present paper, we address by means of mathematical modeling the following main question: How can oncolytic virus infection of some normal cells in the vicinity of tumor cells enhance oncolytic virotherapy? We formulate ... -
The burden of mental disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013
(Public Library of Science, 2017)The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is witnessing an increase in chronic disorders, including mental illness. With ongoing unrest, this is expected to rise. This is the first study to quantify the burden of mental ... -
Training of workplace-based clinical trainers in family medicine, South Africa : before-and-after evaluation
(AOSIS publishing, 2018-05)Background: The training of family physicians is a relatively new phenomenon in the district health services of South Africa. There are concerns about the quality of clinical training and the low pass rate in the national ... -
Collaborative update of a rule-based expert system for HIV-1 genotypic resistance test interpretation
(Public Library of Science, 2017-07-28)Introduction: HIV-1 genotypic resistance test (GRT) interpretation systems (IS) require updates as new studies on HIV-1 drug resistance are published and as treatment guidelines evolve. Methods: An expert panel was ... -
Differential inhibition of adenylylated and deadenylylated forms of M. tuberculosis glutamine synthetase as a drug discovery platform
(Public Library of Science, 2017-03-29)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Glutamine synthetase is a ubiquitous central enzyme in nitrogen metabolism that is controlled by up to four regulatory mechanisms, including adenylylation of some or all of the twelve subunits by adenylyl ... -
Child contact management in high tuberculosis burden countries : a mixed-methods systematic review
(Public Library of Science, 2017-03-08)ENGLISH Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Considering the World Health Organization recommendation to implement child contact management (CCM) for TB, we conducted a ... -
Exploring service providers’ perspectives on the prevention and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in South Africa : a qualitative study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018-11-06)Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is among the leading causes of developmental and intellectual disabilities in individuals. Although efforts are being made toward the prevention and management of FASD ... -
Host-seeking efficiency can explain population dynamics of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans in response to host density decline
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Females of all blood-feeding arthropod vectors must find and feed on a host in order to produce offspring. For tsetse—vectors of the trypanosomes that cause human and animal African trypanosomiasis—the problem is more ... -
A dynamic model for estimating adult female mortality from ovarian dissection data for the tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes Austen sampled in Zimbabwe
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Human and animal trypanosomiasis, spread by tsetse flies (Glossina spp), is a major public health concern in much of sub-Saharan Africa. The basic reproduction number of vector-borne diseases, such as trypanosomiasis, is ... -
Hepatitis B virus infection as a neglected tropical disease
(Public Library of Science, 2017-10-05)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Global Hepatitis Health Sector Strategy is aiming for “elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat” by 2030 [1], while enhanced elimination efforts for hepatitis are also promoted under ... -
Simple ideas that work : Celebrating development in persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
(AOSIS, 2018-06-05)The purpose of this article is to share some lessons learnt by an interdisciplinary therapy team working with persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD), implemented in diverse, low-income contexts ... -
Exploring the potential of using cattle for malaria vector surveillance and control : a pilot study in western Kenya
(Biomed Central, 2017)Background: Malaria vector mosquitoes with exophilic and zoophilic tendencies, or with a high acceptance of alternative blood meal sources when preferred human blood-hosts are unavailable, may help maintain low but constant ... -
Detection of a combination of serum IgG and IgA antibodies against selected mycobacterial targets provides promising diagnostic signatures for active TB
(Impact Journals, 2017-03-24)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) based tests for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) disease often show a lack of specificity in TB endemic regions, which is mainly due to a high background prevalence of ...
