Browsing Research Articles (Clinical Pharmacology) by Title
Now showing items 38-57 of 68
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Moderate to severe HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment : a randomized placebo-controlled trial of lithium
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2016-11)Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains highly prevalent despite effective anti-retroviral therapy (ART). A number of adjunctive pharmacotherapies for HAND have been studied with disappointing ... -
Morphological characterisation of the cell-growth inhibitory activity of rooperol and pharmacokinetic aspects of hypoxoside as an oral prodrug for cancer therapy
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1995)Hypoxoside is the major diglucoside isolated from the corms of the plant family Hypoxidaceae, It contains an. unusual E-pent-l-en-4-yne 5-carbon bridging unit with two distal catechol groups to which the glucose moieties ... -
Oligomeric substances in ampicillin preparations : a comparison of Penbritin, Famicillin and Petercillin
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1988)An investigation into the presence of potentially harmful oligomers in formulations of ampicillin for parenteral administration available in the RSA was undertaken by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography. Significant ... -
Origin of the enigmatic, circular, barren patches ('Fairy Rings') of the pro-Namib
(Academy of Science of South Africa, 2001)We have studied the enigmatic, circular, barren patches on the edge of the pro-Namib Desert in Namibia. An aerial photograph of the Wolwedans area (25°4.5′S, 15°59.5′E) showed that the patches had an average diameter of ... -
An overview of the biological disease modifying drugs available for arthritic conditions in South Africa
(Taylor & Francis, 2016)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The past decade has seen a major change in the treatment options and strategies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the other immune-mediated arthritic diseases. The disease modifying antirheumatic drugs ... -
An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herb-drug interactions
(Frontiers, 2012-04-30)Despite the lack of sufficient information on the safety of herbal products, their use as alternative and/or complementary medicine is globally popular. There is also an increasing interest in medicinal herbs as precursor ... -
Permeability of intestinal mucosa to crystalline and tabletted isoniazid (INH)
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2003)When administered orally, isoniazid (INH), which continues to form the basis of most first-line standard antituberculosis regimens, reaches peak plasma concentrations of 3 - 5 μg/ml within 1 - 2 hours after ingestion ... -
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of hypoxoside taken orally by patients with lung cancer in a phase I trial
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1995)Objective. To study the pharmacokinetic behaviour of hypoxoside taken orally by 24 patients with lung cancer. Design. Randomised open study with three single doses of 1 600, 2 400 and 3 200 mg standardised Hypoxis plant ... -
A population pharmacokinetic model is beneficial in quantifying hair concentrations of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir : a study of HIV-infected Zimbabwean adolescents
(BMC, 2020-08-03)Background: Adolescents experience higher levels of non-adherence to HIV treatment. Drug concentration in hair promises to be reliable for assessing exposure to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Pharmacokinetic modelling can ... -
The potential of Hypoxis hemerocallidea for herb-drug interaction
(Informa Healthcare, 2013)Context: Aqueous decoction of Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch. & C.A. Mey. (Hypoxidaceae) (Hypoxis) is widely consumed in Southern Africa by people living with HIV/AIDS, some of whom are on ARV and other medications. Objective: ... -
Renal safety of lithium in HIV-infected patients established on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate containing antiretroviral therapy : analysis from a randomized placebo-controlled trial
(BioMed Central, 2017-02-04)Background: The prevalence of bipolar disorder in HIV-infected patients is higher than the general population. Lithium is the most effective mood stabiliser, while tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is frequently used ... -
Retinopathy of prematurity screening criteria and workload implications at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, South Africa : a cross-sectional study
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2016-05-12)Background. Screening guidelines for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) used in high-income countries are not appropriate for middle- income countries, and screening requirements may vary even between units within one ... -
Scombroid poisoning : case series of 10 incidents involving 22 patients
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1992)Scombroid poisoning is a form of ichthyosarcotoxism caused by the consumption of 'spoiled' fish of the dark meat varieties. It can be considered a mild-to-moderate form of 'food poisoning' and it occurs world-wide. Ten ... -
Scorpion sting in Southern Africa : diagnosis and management
(Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 2012-10)Most southern African scorpions are relatively harmless to humans, and although they can inflict quite a painful sting, no other toxic effects are expected to develop. However, a small number of scorpion species ... -
Scorpionism in South Africa : a report of 42 serious scorpion envenomations
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1993)Forty-two cases of serious scorpion envenomation, of which 4 had a fatal outcome, are presented. The clinical profile, differential diagnosis and management of scorpionism are discussed. Most envenomations occurred in the ... -
Screening strategies for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus : a systematic review protocol
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-07-13)Background: There is limited evidence on whether screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus affects health outcomes. A recent systematic review of randomised clinical trials found only one trial that met their inclusion ... -
Shifting tasks from pharmacy to nonpharmacy personnel for providing antiretroviral therapy to people living with HIV : a systematic review and metaanalysis
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2017-8)Objectives Lay people or non-pharmacy health workers with training could dispense antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-constrained countries, freeing up time for pharmacists to focus on more technical tasks. ... -
Simulating therapeutic drug monitoring results for dose individualisation to maintain investigator blinding in a randomised controlled trial
(BioMed Central, 2017-06-07)Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential practice when dosing drugs with a narrow therapeutic index in order to achieve a plasma drug concentration within a narrow target range above the efficacy concentration ... -
Smoking, oncogenes and human lung cancer. A review of recent laboratory evidence linking smoking and lung cancer
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1988)Recent molecular genetic experiments conducted in the USA and The Netherlands have isolated specific mutations in human lung cancer cells. These data implicate the activation of the K-ras oncogene in the pathogenesis of ... -
Snake bite in southern Africa : diagnosis and management
(Health and Medical Publications Group (HMPG), 2012-10)Venomous snakes in southern Africa can, in broad terms, be divided into 3 groups: cytotoxic, neurotoxic and those that can induce haemostatic toxic effects. However, significant overlap of these effects may occur. Some ...
