The impact of job demands and job resources on the burnout and engagement of trade union representatives

Date
2017-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY : In South Africa, trade union representatives, more commonly known as shop stewards, face the difficulty of having to fulfil two roles. Currently trade union representatives are elected and expected to perform their trade union duties over and above their duties and responsibilities as full-time employees of the organisation for which they work. Bearing this in mind, the aim of this study was to investigate whether or not job demands, job resources and personal resources have an impact on the engagement and burnout of trade union representatives. The primary objective of the study was to develop and empirically test a structural model that describes and explains the nature of the relationships between job demands, job resources and personal resources (exogenous latent variables), and the engagement and burnout (endogenous latent variables) of trade union representatives. For the purpose of this study, emotional intelligence was used as personal resource for trade union representatives. The study made use of partial least squares (PLS) analyses to test the hypothesised relationships between the latent variables. Using an electronic questionnaire, quantitative data was collected from 60 trade union representatives from various South African trade unions. In order to qualify to participate in the study, trade union representatives had to be full-time employees of an organisation as well as elected trade union representatives actively playing the role of trade union representative. The data collected was collected specifically for this study and participation was voluntary. The questionnaire-link was distributed via email by the trade union correspondents to the qualifying trade union representatives. The data was kept confidential and the participants were anonymous. The questionnaire consisted of six sections. The first was an informed consent template, in which participants were provided with information about the study and the implications of their participation were explained. There were no negative consequences from participation; however, the contact details of a professional clinical psychologist were provided should any of the participants have felt the need to talk to a professional after completing the survey. The informed consent was followed by questions on the biographical details of the participant and four sections that contained the measurement tools used to measure the various latent variables. These instruments were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (Demerouti, Bakker, Nachreiner & Schaufeli, 2001), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), the Job Demands-Resources Scale (JDRS) (Jackson & Rothmann, 2005) and the Genos EI concise version (Gignac, 2008; Gignac & Ekermans 2010; Palmer, Stough, Harmer & Gignac, 2009). The data was subjected to a range of statistical analyses. The study was able to identify a significant relationship between job resources and engagement for trade union representatives in South Africa. Through the proactive management of job resources, trade unions may be able to significantly increase the engagement of their trade union representatives and therefore increase the impact of the trade unions in the workplace on behalf of their members.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Vakbondverteenwoordigers in Suid-Afrika, meer bekend as “shop stewards”, het die moeilike taak om twee rolle te moet vervul. Tans word vakbondverteenwoordigers tot hulle posisie verkies en daar word van hulle verwag om hulle vakbondverpligtinge tesame met hulle werksverpligtinge en verantwoordelikhede as voltydse werknemers van die maatskappy waarvoor hulle werk, na te kom. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om vas te stel of werkseise (job demands), werkshulpbronne (job resources) en persoonlike hulpbronne (personal resources) ’n impak het op die werksbetrokkenheid (job engagement) en werksuitbranding (job burnout) van vakbondverteenwoordigers. Die hoofdoelwit van hierdie studie was om ’n gestruktureerde model te ontwikkel en empiries te toets om te bepaal wat die verhouding is tussen werkseise, werkshulpbronne en persoonlike hulpbronne (eksogene latente veranderlikes) en die werksbetrokkenheid en werksuitbranding van vakbondverteenwoordigers (endogene latente veranderlikes). Vir die doel van hierdie studie is emosionele intelligensie gebruik as die persoonlike hulpbron van vakbondverteenwoordigers. Die studie het gedeeltelike kleinste kwadrate (partial least squares, PLS) gebruik om die gehipotetiseerde verwantskappe tussen die latente veranderlikes te toets. ’n Elektroniese vraelys is gebruik om data vanaf 60 vakbondverteenwoordigers van verskeie vakbonde in Suid-Afrika te verkry. Elke deelnemer moes ’n voltydse werknemer van ’n organisasie wees asook ’n aktiewe vakbondverteenwoordiger. Deelname aan die navorsing was vrywillig en die data verkry is slegs vir hierdie studie aangewend. Die vraelys is deur vakbondkorrespondente elektronies aan kwalifiserende vakbondverteenwoordigers gestuur en alle data verkry, is as vertroulik hanteer. Deelnemers se anonimiteit is verseker. Die vraelys het ses afdelings bevat. Die eerste afdeling het deelnemers ingelig oor die aard van die studie en hoe hulle deelname daaraan die studie affekteer. Alhoewel deelname aan die studie geen negatiewe gevolge vir die deelnemers behoort te gehad het nie, is die kontakbesonderhede van ’n professionele kliniese sielkundige ingesluit, sou deelnemers dit nodig ag om na voltooiing van die vraelys met ’n professionele kundige te praat. Die ingeligte toestemming is gevolg deur vrae oor die biografiese besonderhede van die deelnemers; hierna het nog vier afdelings gevolg waarin daar van betroubare en geldige meetinstrumente gebruik gemaak is om spesifieke latente veranderlikes te meet wat op hierdie studie van toepassing was. Hierdie instrumente was die Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (Demerouti, Bekker, Nachreiner & Schaufeli, 2001), die Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), die Job Demands-Resources Scale (JDRS) (Jackson & Rothman, 2005) en die Genos EI concise version (Gignac, 2008; Gignac & Ekermans 2010; Palmer, Stough, Hamer & Gignac, 2009). Die navorsing het bevind dat daar ’n beduidende verband bestaan tussen werkshulpbronne en die werksbetrokkenheid van vakbondverteenwoordigers in Suid-Afrika is. Deur middel van die pro-aktiewe bestuur van hulpbronne binne die werksplek sal vakbonde die betrokkenheid van vakbondverteenwoordigers aansienlik kan verhoog. Daardeur sal hulle ook die invloed wat vakbonde binne die werksplek vir elke vakbondlid het, kan verhoog.
Description
Thesis (MCom)-- Stellenbosch University, 2017.
Keywords
Shop stewards -- South Africa, Work demands, Psychological capital, Employee loyalty, Burn out (Psychology), UCTD
Citation