Browsing Research Articles (Epidemiology and Biostatistics) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 27
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Alcohol marketing and adolescent alcohol consumption : results from the International Alcohol Control study (South Africa)
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018-08-28)Background. A complete ban on alcohol advertisements has been proposed for South Africa (SA), but there has been limited local research on the association between exposure to alcohol advertisements and alcohol consumptio ... -
Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data : a systematic review
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-03-14)Background: Sero- prevalence studies often have a problem of missing data. Few studies report the proportion of missing data and even fewer describe the methods used to adjust the results for missing data. The objective ... -
Burden of seasonal influenza in sub- Saharan Africa : a systematic review protocol
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-10)Introduction Measures of epidemiological burdens are an important contribution to estimating disease severity and determining the at-risk populations for seasonal influenza. In the absence of these data, it is ... -
A comparative evaluation of PDQ-Evidence
(BioMed Central, 2018-03-15)Background: A strategy for minimising the time and obstacles to accessing systematic reviews of health system evidence is to collect them in a freely available database and make them easy to find through a simple ... -
A cross sectional survey to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding seasonal influenza and influenza vaccination among diabetics in Pretoria, South Africa
(Elsevier, 2017-11-07)Background: In South Africa, influenza vaccination is recommended to all diabetics. However, vaccinationcoverage among diabetics remains low. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes,and practices ... -
Developing prehospital clinical practice guidelines for resource limited settings : why re-invent the wheel?
(BioMed Central, 2018-02-05)Objectives: Methods on developing new (de novo) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have received substantial attention. However, the volume of literature is not matched by research into alternative methods of CPG development ... -
Effect of fish oil omega‑3 fatty acids on reduction of depressive symptoms among HIV‑seropositive pregnant women : a randomized, double‑blind controlled trial
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018)Background: Globally, it is known that HIV-infected pregnant women are prone to depressive symptoms. Research evidences also suggest that nutrient deficiencies may enhance the depressive illness, and that fish oil omega-3 ... -
Effectiveness of female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review protocol
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-08)Introduction The HIV pandemic continues to evolve with young women being the most vulnerable group to acquire infection. The presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) further enhances HIV susceptibility and ... -
Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review and meta-analysis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-03-12)Background: The effectiveness of female condoms for preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains inconclusive. We examined the effects of female condoms on the acquisition of HIV and STIs. Methods: ... -
Epidemiology of urethral stricture at Tygerberg Hospital
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1994)Over a 12-month period, 120 consecutive male patients with confirmed urethral stricture were prospectively studied with regard to the epidemiology of the disease. Specific urethritis is the main aetiological factor (45%) ... -
Factors associated with adherence to dietary prescription among adult patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis in national referral hospitals in Kenya : a mixed-methods survey
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-09-11)Introduction: Adherence to dietary prescriptions among patients with chronic kidney disease is known to prevent deterioration of kidney functions and slow down the risk for morbidity and mortality. This study determined ... -
From easing lockdowns to scaling-up community-based COVID-19 screening, testing, and contact tracing in Africa : shared approaches, innovations, and challenges to minimize morbidity and mortality
(Oxford University Press, 2020)The arrival of COVID-19 to the African continent resulted in a range of locally relevant lockdown measures, which curtailed the spread of SARS-CoV-2 but caused economic hardship for large sections of the population. African ... -
Global temporal changes in the proportion of children with advanced disease at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in an era of changing criteria for treatment initiation
(Wiley Open Access, 2018)Introduction: The CD4 cell count and percent at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are measures of advanced HIV disease and thus are important indicators of programme performance for children living ... -
Guidelines for the vaccination of HIV-infected adolescents and adults in South Africa
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)No abstract available. -
Heavy drinking and contextual risk factors among adults in South Africa : findings from the international alcohol control study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018)Background: There is limited information about the potential individual-level and contextual drivers of heavy drinking in South Africa. This study aimed to identify risk factors for heavy drinking in Tshwane, South ... -
HIV infection and the epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) in South African adults and older children prior to the introduction of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the commonest cause of bacteremic pneumonia among HIV-infected persons. As more countries with high HIV prevalence are implementing infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) ... -
The impact of family physician supply on district health system performance, clinical processes and clinical outcomes in the Western Cape Province, South Africa (2011–2014)
(AOSIS, 2018-04)Background: A revised family physician (FP) training programme was introduced in South Africa in 2007. A baseline assessment (2011) of the impact of FP supply on district health system performance was performed within ... -
Knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions of tuberculosis among community members in Ntcheu district, Malawi
(Dove Medical Press, 2019)Introduction: The global burden of tuberculosis (TB) remains significantly high, with overreliance on biomedical interventions and inadequate exploration of the socioeconomic and cultural context of the infected population. ... -
Knowledge, risk perception and access to healthcare services for HIV and tuberculosis among university students in Johannesburg, South Africa
(Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2018)Background. An increasingly diverse body of students is entering university in South Africa. HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are pressing health issues for this vulnerable population and the university campus offers an opportunity ... -
Outcomes of community-based differentiated models of multi-month dispensing of antiretroviral medication among stable HIV-infected patients in Lesotho : a cluster randomised non-inferiority trial protocol
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018-08-29)Background: Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend early initiation of HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) irrespective of their clinical or immunological status known as the test ...
