Browsing Research Articles (Epidemiology and Biostatistics) by Title
Now showing items 18-37 of 37
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Global temporal changes in the proportion of children with advanced disease at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in an era of changing criteria for treatment initiation
(Wiley Open Access, 2018)Introduction: The CD4 cell count and percent at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are measures of advanced HIV disease and thus are important indicators of programme performance for children living ... -
Guidelines for the vaccination of HIV-infected adolescents and adults in South Africa
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)No abstract available. -
Heavy drinking and contextual risk factors among adults in South Africa : findings from the international alcohol control study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018)Background: There is limited information about the potential individual-level and contextual drivers of heavy drinking in South Africa. This study aimed to identify risk factors for heavy drinking in Tshwane, South ... -
HIV infection and the epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) in South African adults and older children prior to the introduction of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the commonest cause of bacteremic pneumonia among HIV-infected persons. As more countries with high HIV prevalence are implementing infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) ... -
The impact of family physician supply on district health system performance, clinical processes and clinical outcomes in the Western Cape Province, South Africa (2011–2014)
(AOSIS, 2018-04)Background: A revised family physician (FP) training programme was introduced in South Africa in 2007. A baseline assessment (2011) of the impact of FP supply on district health system performance was performed within ... -
Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB : a systematic review of evidence
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-10-09)Background: The triple burden of COVID-19, tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus is one of the major global health challenges of the twenty-first century. In high burden HIV/TB countries, the spread of COVID-19 among ... -
Knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions of tuberculosis among community members in Ntcheu district, Malawi
(Dove Medical Press, 2019)Introduction: The global burden of tuberculosis (TB) remains significantly high, with overreliance on biomedical interventions and inadequate exploration of the socioeconomic and cultural context of the infected population. ... -
Knowledge, risk perception and access to healthcare services for HIV and tuberculosis among university students in Johannesburg, South Africa
(Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2018)Background. An increasingly diverse body of students is entering university in South Africa. HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are pressing health issues for this vulnerable population and the university campus offers an opportunity ... -
Mapping oral cancer research in South Africa
(South African Dental Association, 2018)The aim of the present study was to review the scope of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) research in South Africa, including its epidemiology, diagnosis, associated risk factors and management. All publications relating ... -
New vaccine introductions in Africa before and during the decade of vaccines –are we making progress?
(Elsevier, 2019)Vaccines are excellent investments with far-reaching rewards beyond individual and population health, but their introduction into national programs has been historically slow in Africa. We provide an overview of the ... -
Outcomes of community-based differentiated models of multi-month dispensing of antiretroviral medication among stable HIV-infected patients in Lesotho : a cluster randomised non-inferiority trial protocol
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018-08-29)Background: Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend early initiation of HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) irrespective of their clinical or immunological status known as the test ... -
Patients’ satisfaction with clinical laboratory services in public hospitals in Ethiopia
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-01-03)Background: Knowing customers’ level of satisfaction is relevant to improve and provide quality health care services. In the clinical laboratory, monitoring customers’ satisfaction is an important indicator of the ... -
Predictors of mortality in adults on treatment for human immunodeficiency virus-associated tuberculosis in Botswana : a retrospective cohort study
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2018)Mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis (TB) is high, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to compare mortality and predictors of mortality in those who were ... -
Quality of life and physical activity among older adults living in institutions compared to the community
(AOSIS Publishing, 2017)Background: The environment of older adults plays an important role in their well-being. It influences their quality of life and physical activity level. In South Africa, there is a dearth of literature concerning this ... -
Risk reduction of diarrhea and respiratory infections following a community health education program - a facility-based case-control study in rural parts of Kenya
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-04-29)Background: Diarrheal and acute respiratory infections remain a major cause of death in developing countries especially among children below 5 years of age. About 80% of all hospital attendances in Kenya can be attributed to ... -
South African healthcare workers and COVID-19 : a shared responsibility to protect a precious and limited resource
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2020)Healthcare workers (HCWs) in African countries face high risks of occupational exposure to many pathogens, including tuberculosis, measles, HIV and Ebola.[1,2] The novel coronavirus SARSCoV- 2 poses an arguably greater ... -
Statin prescription among patients with type 2 diabetes in Botswana : findings and implications
(BioMed Central, 2020-03-10)Background: There is evidence of statin benefit among patients with diabetes regardless of cholesterol levels or prior cardiovascular disease history. Despite the evidence, there is under-prescription of statins in clinical ... -
Strengthening prehospital clinical practice guideline implementation in South Africa : a qualitative case study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020)Background: Methods on developing new (de novo) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have received substantial attention. However, research into alternative methods of CPG development using existing CPG documents (CPG adaptation) ...
