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Pyrazinamide plasma concentrations in young children with tuberculosis

McIlleron H.; Willemse M.; Schaaf H.S.; Smith P.J.; Donald P.R. (2011)

Pyrazinamide plasma concentrations were determined in 34 children (median age, 3.32 years) 1 month after commencing antituberculosis treatment. The median (interquartile range) peak concentration was 30.7 (25.5, 35.0) mg/L ...

Improvement in mycobacterial yield and reduced time to detection in pediatric samples by use of a nutrient broth growth supplement

Brittle W.; Marais B.J.; Hesseling A.C.; Schaaf H.S.; Kidd M.; Wasserman E.; Botha T. (2009)

There is an urgent need to improve the methods used for the bacteriological diagnosis of childhood mycobacterial disease. This study compared the mycobacterial yields and the times to detection (in days) of mycobacteria ...

Opportunities for chemoprophylaxis in children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis

Du Preez K.; Hesseling A.C.; Mandalakas A.M.; Marais B.J.; Schaaf H.S. (2011)

Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer

Stefan D.C.; Dippenaar A.; Detjen A.K.; Schaaf H.S.; Marais B.J.; Kriel B.; Loebenberg L.; Walzl G.; Hesseling A.C. (2010)

SETTING: The paediatric oncology unit at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and two commercial interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the ...

Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid

Cilliers K.; Labadarios D.; Schaaf H.S.; Willemse M.; Maritz J.S.; Werely C.J.; Hussey G.; Donald P.R. (2010)

Aim: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, ...

Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Schaaf H.S.; Marais B.J.; Hesseling A.C.; Gie R.P.; Beyers N.; Donald P.R. (2006)

Aim: Continued surveillance of drug resistance amongst children presenting with culture-confirmed tuberculosis to a tertiary care hospital and to community clinics. Methods: Drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid and ...

Ethionamide cross-and co-resistance in children with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis

Schaaf H.S.; Victor T.C.; Venter A.; Brittle W.; Jordaan A.M.; Hesseling A.C.; Marais B.J.; Van Helden P.D.; Donald P.R. (2009)

BACKGROUND: Ethionamide (ETH) is a structural analogue of isoniazid (INH). Both are pro-drugs requiring activation by separate and common enzyme pathways, which could lead to co-and/or cross-resistance. OBJECTIVE: To ...

Diagnostic aspects of cervical lymphadenopathy in children in the developing world: A study of 1,877 surgical specimens

Moore S.W.; Schneider J.W.; Schaaf H.S. (2003)

Chronic cervical lymphadenopathy is a common clinical problem frequently requiring surgical biopsy. To evaluate the characteristics of surgically excised cervical lymph nodes (LN) in children in a developing country, we ...

Tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis in young children

Van Den Bos F.; Terken M.; Ypma L.; Kimpen J.L.L.; Nel E.D.; Schaaf H.S.; Schoeman J.F.; Donald P.R. (2004)

OBJECTIVES: To document the clinical and diagnostic features of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in young children with and without concomitant miliary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS: A retrospective comparative study. RESULTS: ...

Prospective evaluation of World Health Organization criteria to assist diagnosis of tuberculosis in children

Houwert K.A.F.; Borggreven P.A.; Schaaf H.S.; Nel E.; Donald P.R.; Stolk J. (1998)

Because of the difficulty in confirming childhood tuberculosis (TB), the World Health Organization (WHO) proposes a hierarchical approach to diagnosis using history and certain clinical features to help to improve the ...